A Theory for Schizophrenia

"Current users of typical and of atypical antipsychotic drugs had a similar, dose-related increased risk of sudden cardiac death."

Ray WA, Chung CP, Murray KT, Hall K, Stein CM.

N Engl J Med. 2009 Jan 15;360(3):225-35.

Unfortunately there have been severe problems with psychiatric drug side effects. Yet there are also problems associated with drug abuse.

Cannabis

"Like all psychoactive substances, it is an aggravating factor in all evolutive psychopathologies." Laqueille X, Launay C, Kanit M.

Ann Pharm Fr. 2008 Aug;66(4):245-54. Epub 2008 Sep 4. Review. French.

The Drug Companies

"The most dramatic form of bias is out-and-out suppression of negative

results."

The Truth About the Drug Companies

by Marcia Angell, M.D.

Random House, New York, 2004

Hardcover, 266 pages

This book is a blistering attack on the drug companies. They spend massive amounts of money on promoting their products, and this cost is passed along to the consumers.

One chapter is called "The Hard Sell: Lures, Bribes and Kickbacks".

Not all drug problems are caused by the drug companies. Medication errors can and have killed people in institutions.

Segundo Mesa Castillo. Psychiatric Hospital of Havana

The problems with drugs are depressing, but there is reason for hope. Brilliant reserach has been done. Dr. Mesa studied the platelets of schizophrenics. He found vacuolation, enlargement, glycogen deposits, abnormal filopodia, and other abnormalities. Bizarre platelet shapes were seen.

He also reported an "increase of microtubules". I have not figured out the meaning of that, but the increase of glycogen is probably due to a partial failure of glucose metabolism. The "elephant feet" seen in the platelets may be due to an excess of some macronutrients flooding the cells. My calculations are that these macronutrients are amino acids. See my previous articles at Associated Content in the references. The "platelet enlargement" is also explained in the same way.

Similar findings were reported in the brain postmortem.

Not all of Mesa's findings are explained by my theory. In the "giant" platelets are "big vacuoles" with "particles" within the vacuoles. The "particles" are unexplained. Mesa thinks that they are a virus. My view is that they may be residues of a toxin or residues of medication.

The Brain

"The morphometric studies have demonstrated atrophy of certain areas of the nervous system in schizophrenic patients specially of the amygdaline nucleus and hippocampus." Mesa

Mesa found ultrastructural abnormalities in the temporal lobe in schizophrenia (Ref. 23).

Conclusions

I have given a lot of academic references here because one reader is skeptical of my theory. He can look up these references, although they are very technical. But what does this amino acid theory mean in terms of treatment? My view is that a diet very low in amino acids should be used. The amino acid content of foods is given in my previous articles as well as in photo albums on Gather. Foods high in amino acids should be avoided.

I also have another theory in terms of the possible benefit of phenolic substances, which are found in tea, mushrooms, spices, and other plant foods. It seems that these phenolic substances, thought to fight cancer, inhibit a key enzyme called COMT. This enzyme creates DMPEA, the toxin which causes the amino acids to flood the cells. These matters are explained in more detail in my previous articles, which are given in the Associated Content references.

References

1. www.associatedcontent.com/article/1384841/new_developments_in_schizophrenia_research.html

2. www.associatedcontent.com/article/1377135/dopamine_amino_acids_and_schizophrenia.html

3. www.associatedcontent.com/article/1390538/the_various_mental_disorders.html

4. www.associatedcontent.com/article/1371783/a_history_of_psychiatric_theory.html

5. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and the risk of sudden cardiac death.

Ray WA, Chung CP, Murray KT, Hall K, Stein CM.

N Engl J Med. 2009 Jan 15;360(3):225-35.

6. "Long-acting risperidone-induced periorbital edema.(Case Report)(Case study)." Brown University Psychopharmacology Update 20.2 (Feb 2009): 8(1). Health Reference Center Academic. Gale. Needham Free Public Library. 28 Jan. 2009

.

7. [Induced psychiatric and somatic disorders to cannabis]

Laqueille X, Launay C, Kanit M.

Ann Pharm Fr. 2008 Aug;66(4):245-54. Epub 2008 Sep 4. Review. French.

8. "White matter abnormalities in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia detected using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging." Bipolar Disorders 11.1 (Feb 2009): 11(8). Health Reference Center Academic. Gale. Needham Free Public Library. 28 Jan. 2009

.

9. Lazarou J, Pomeranz B, Corey P: Incidence of

adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients.

JAMA,

1998; 279:1200-1205.

10. Greene Burger S, Kayser-Jones J, Prince Bell J:

Malnutrition and Dehydration in Nursing

Homes: Key Issues in Prevention and Treatment.

National Citizens' Coalition for Nursing

Home Reform. June 2000. http://www.cmwf.org/

programs/elders/burger_mal_386.asp

11. Medication side effects strike 1-in-4. Reuters. April 17, 2003.

12. Vastag B: Pay attention: ritalin acts much like

cocaine. JAMA, 2001 Aug 22-29;286(8):905-6.

13. Barker KN, Flynn EA, Pepper GA, et al: Medication

errors observed in 36 health care facilities.

Arch Intern Med,

2002; Sep 9, 162(16):1897-903.

14. Wolfe SM: Direct-to-consumer advertising-

education or emotion promotion? N Engl J Med,

2002; Feb 14, 346(7): 524-6.

15. Leape LL. Institute of

Medicine medical error figures are not exaggerated.

JAMA.

2000; Jul 5;284(1):95-7.

16. UN narcotics czar warns of overconsumption

of mind-altering drugs. Psychiatry Today Annual meeting,

June 24-27, 2002.

17. Prescriptions for stimulants, antidepressant on

the rise for preschoolers. JAMA/Medscape Wire,

February 22, 2000. From www.childadvocate.

net/meds.htm.

18. The Truth About the Drug Companies

by Marcia Angell, M.D.

Random House, New York, 2004

Hardcover, 266 pages.

19. Mesa CS. Schizophrenia: cytopathological diagnosis valuation scale. Carib Med J 1998; 60: 29-32.

20. Mesa CS. Estudios sobre una prueba biológica en la esquizofrenia. Revista Médica de Oriente deVenezuela 1993; 3: 15-18.

21. Xalabarder C. Abnormal thrombocytes in schizophrenia: electron microscopy observation. Agressologie 1973; 14: 275-279.

22. Kessler A, Shinitzky M, Kessler B. Number of platelet dense granules varies with age, schizophrenia and dementia. Dementia 1995; 6: 330-333.

23. Mesa CS. Estudio ultraestructural del lóbulo temporal y de la sangre periférica en pacientes esquizofrénicos. Rev Neurol 2001; 33: 619-623.

24. Idrisov IM. Enzyme activity and glycogen level of leukocytes of patients with schizophrenia in relation to the nature of depressive states. Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 1988; 88: 106-109.

25. Mesa CS. Electron microscope studies of brain tissue in psychosis. Biol Psychiatry 1986; 5: 1092-1094.

26. Mesa CS. Schizophrenia. Electron microscope studies. Available: http://www.wpanet.org/sectorial/electron.html via the Internet. Accessed June 2004.