Alcoholism: What You Need to Know About Alcoholism and Alcohol Dependency

Alcoholism is a dependency on alcohol, characterized by regular consumption, and intense cravings for it. Alcoholics are physically dependent on alcohol, and have alcohol tolerance - which is defined as the increased difficulty in getting drunk; hence, the need to consume more. Alcoholics also experience withdrawal symptoms when not drinking; symptoms include delirium tremens, hallucinations, seizures, and activation symptoms such as agitation, and rapid heartbeat.

The abuse of alcohol and alcoholism exacts a heavy toll on public health resources; as much as 170 billion dollars are spent in North America in treating health conditions associated with alcohol abuse. One risks suffering conditions such as cirrhosis, liver cancer, kidney and pancreatic disease, and brain deterioration. Alcoholics also develop neuropathy, or damaged nerves, as well as internal bleeding, and depression. Alcohol abuse is also linked with motor and work-related accidents, assaults and violent crimes.

Alcoholism is diagnosed through screening questionnaires that are administered by physicians, though many alcoholics are diagnosed with the disorder when they are admitted to the hospital for acute poisoning, or some other illness. Blood tests also provide an accurate diagnosis of alcoholism, as blood chemistry is changed with alcohol abuse.

Treatments for alcoholics are varied. For acute cases of poisoning, rapid detoxification is done to the patient. Drugs are also used to counter withdrawal symptoms, which in severe cases, could lead to death. After detoxification and drug therapy, patients are put in psychotherapy or group therapy sessions. These sessions get to the cause of alcohol dependency, and trains individuals to adopt other coping behavior. Some drugs are also used to reinforce the dislike for alcohol, and other drugs that mimic alcohol's effects are also taken. Other drugs counter disruptions in mood, and depression. Many also undergo mutual-help approach in treatment, and groups like Alcoholics Anonymous, have helped people in overcoming alcohol addiction.