An Analysis of Hamlet's Act III Scene I Soliloquy

In Act III Scene i of Shakespeare's Hamlet, Hamlet gives the reader an insight into his views on life. His state of mind conveys that he has a deep understanding of the cycle of life, but is hesitant in deciding how to go about taking action. The diction, imagery, and syntax help in conveying Hamlet's state of mind during this soliloquy.

The diction helps in fortifying Hamlet's mixed thoughts on how to approach things. He describes people as "cowards" under an "oppressor" whose resolution is "sicklied". These words suggest a tone of disgust or disappointment toward humankind. Instead of fighting the battles given, conscience takes over and makes one second guess before acting on impulse. Hamlet counteracts his own thoughts by using words such as "nobler", "devoutly" and "respect" to set forth an implication of suffering as being something to be looked highly upon. "Devoutly" is generally used to describe a religious commitment so Hamlet could be making reference to the belief that it is better to turn one's cheek than to strike back. Perhaps he believes suffering through life builds character and strength through adversity. If one simply knocks down his or her troubles, no endurance is built up and he or she will not have experienced life to its fullest.

Hamlet's contradicting thoughts are further strengthened by the imagery put forth in this soliloquy. He questions "whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer/ the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune/ or to take arms against a sea of troubles". The first part of this quote implies that there is more to gain from suffering as the "slings and arrows" are stated as having an "outrageous fortune", by enduring suffering, Hamlet suggests one can reap benefits later on. The second part of this quote strengthens this idea as it claims "taking up arms" will create a "sea of troubles". This suggests Hamlet feels that fighting the battles of life, mainly within one's conscience, will only cause more suffering and pain.

The syntax of this soliloquy helps in conveying Hamlet's state of mind as it goes from choppy, contradicting statements to longer statements of resolution and finally into a complete subject change. Lines 1 through 27 are short and choppy sentence fragments that show Hamlet's internal struggle as each question is met with a question. Then, in lines 28-33 Hamlet's speech becomes softer and more resolute as he comes to a conclusion about mankind and its conscience. Finally, in lines 34-35 Hamlet spots Ophelia and his inner turmoil is forgotten.

The diction, imagery and syntax of this soliloquy make it clear to see Hamlet's inner turmoil and mixed emotions about how to deal with inner battles and his own conscience.

Shakespeare Hamlet