Beyond Time-Systems

For so long, I have felt that the universe was powered by the Universal Expansion; its name the Hubble Constant; its figure of approximately seventy-two kilometers per second per Megaparsec. I came to understand that the Universal Expansion does not apply only to the fantastic expanses of the universe but it continued right down to the fabric of space-time itself. The motion is ridiculously slow at terrestrial proportions: ten millimeters over a period of five billion years for the Earth; nonetheless, it expands.

Recently as I considered what time truly is, I delved time and again into the extremes that were presented as one considered the gravitational influence on the passage of time. I came to realize that the surface, the event horizon of a black hole, would be observed to be perfectly stationary simply due to the maxed-out time dilation in force there. I came to realize the surface of a black hole is a super-surface; that is, it would never change its state, regardless of how much matter (mass-energy) would reach its surface.

Someone mentioned that the gravitational force at a singularity would be zero; which only makes sense. The mass involved has no distance between its individual components. Thus, I was able to conclude that time in and of the singularity would pass at the slowest possible rate.

On top of that, I considered the spinning gravity attributed to black holes and temporarily concluded incorrectly that because the black hole's surface did not move, neither would the involved gravitational field. However, in the next moment, I saw my fallacy: the gravitational field is not generated by the black hole, but by the singularity, which I concluded enjoyed the normal, less affected time passage. Thus, black holes regained in my mind the spinning gravitational field.

But what of the speed of the gravitational field? As stars shrink to neutron stars and so on, they spin ever faster; regardless that they lose some mass, their size becomes so much less. Obeying the law of conservation of angular momentum, smaller versions of stars must spin faster.

Then we consider the diameter of a singularity. I espouse quantum theory and thus to me a singularity has a size; that size would roughly be ten to the negative thirty-five meters. Assuredly any angular momentum that exists would demand that when reduced to such a size, the speed must reach its maximum. I propose that all singularities rotate at the speed of light as measured at their surface.

When multiplied out to a typical diameter of ten kilometers, the speed of the gravitational field at the surface of a black hole is about ten to the fortieth times the speed of light. This proposal does not defy the universal speed limit of c as that limit applies to mass-energy, not to space-time which is the parent of gravity.

But I digress.

My original intent is to explain how time passes as it does. For the time being, we will take the classical stance that time flows, that it passes, simply so that I may more easily explain these concepts.

It is known that one's own passage of time slows as one approaches the speed of light even until the limit is reached. That limit is the speed of light. At that speed, it is agreed that one's own time passage to slow to the minimum; that (adhering to the quantum theory of space-time) only one increment of time will pass while all of "stationary" time passes.

Coming from another direction, thought-wise, I began to propose that if a particle were to not move from one bubble of space-time to another, its passage of time would be zero. It would never change state. This is only one step beyond one increment of time; yet the first is achieved at absolute zero velocity, the second at the highest possible speed. How could this be?

It was then that the idea that had been bubbling quietly in the far reaches of my mind spoke up. All this time, I was saying that time was generated by the expansion of the universe. And it finally came to me.

This is it and the explanation for why zero time is achieved at zero velocity and that the smallest increment of time is achieved at the speed of light. Time passes according to the duration of mass-energy's trip between bubbles of space-time. The less time spent between two bubbles of space-time, the less time passes for that mass-energy.

Space-time, being incremental, would dictate that the least amount of time that could pass during a transition would be due to light-speed travel. The next less increment would have to be zero, no motion at all.

And it does make sense in that whacky quantum world. After all, I proposed some time ago that in between bubbles of space-time, there was neither space nor time nor mass nor energy, that is, truly nothing.

And now we return to our spinning gravitational field at a black hole. What are the effects of such an insane proposal: that the gravitational lines of force are traveling at stupefying magnitudes beyond the speed of light? Regardless of the power involved in such a gravitational field, regardless of the actual speed of the gravitational field, no matter could be accelerated beyond the speed of light. Thus the gravitational field, its lines of force would tear past the matter at incredible speed. Assuredly, the cohesion of the individual parts of matter would be completely destroyed.

But what would be the effect upon the flow of time? Would it do the same thing as it does within a black hole, become undefined because we cannot divide by zero or by non-negative, non-fractional, non-imaginary numbers less than zero? Or would it do the unthinkable? Would time run backward because the movement of space-time generates the passage of time while matter remains relatively stationary?

One could hope that the Theory of Relativity would kick in at this point and save us from such a ludicrous proposal. However, the Theory of Relativity has its limitations. Remember that already it has been disproved by me that the idea that a pure differential in relative velocities generates equal and same magnitude time dilations. It is the truth that time dilation is generated by relative velocity to the fabric of space-time itself, thus demonstrating absolute velocity.

And continuing on that same vein, the flow of time can go from its slowest possible speed to zero by a change in absolute velocity from the speed of light to absolute zero speed.

It is so clear to me... so simple... so basic... so sensible...

And even if I have not answered my own question as to the effect of the spinning gravitational field of a singularity upon the flow of time therein, I have reached another milestone in my research.

The journey is quite fantastic.