Cystoscopy: Procedure, Preparation, and Complications

A cystoscopy is a procedure which is commonly performed by urologists. During this procedure, a doctor will insert a cystoscope into the urethra and bladder. The cystoscope will have a camera attached, allowing the doctor and you to view your bladder and urethra on a screen. Going for a cystoscopy for the first time can be slightly nerve-wracking. Here's what all women should know about this procedure.

Why is a Cystoscopy Performed?

There are several reasons why your doctor may want to perform a cystoscopy. My doctor wanted to perform the procedure after a urinalysis showed abnormal levels of red blood cells. Your doctor also may want to perform the exam if you report symptoms of an overactive bladder, recurrent UTIs, incontinence, bladder inflammation, bladder stones, and bladder cancer, according to the Mayo Clinic.

How Should You Prepare for the Procedure?

There is little that you need to do to prepare for a cystoscopy. Be sure to plan the procedure for a day when you're not menstruating heavily. You will be required to provide a urine sample before the test, so it's best to avoid emptying your bladder until your appointment. Fasting prior to the procedure is not required unless you will be given a general anesthetic.

Will the Cystoscope Cause Any Pain?

When I arrived for my appointment, the nurse informed me that the cystoscopy procedure is not considered painful for women and that it would feel like a small pinch. I personally did experience more pain than I was expecting. I was able to feel pinching, pressure, and a burning sensation when the cystoscope was inserted. At one point during the procedure, the doctor will fill your bladder with a water or saline solution, which will make it feel as though you need to urinate.

Is Anesthesia Used During a Cystoscopy?

The best way to find out if anesthesia will be used is to ask your doctor. During my own cystoscope procedure, the doctor did not use any form of anesthesia because they did not do biopsies in their office. When a biopsy or any other surgical treatments may be performed, a local or general anesthetic may be used. If a general anesthetic is administered, you will need to find a ride home.

Can the Cystoscope Cause Complications?

There is a small chance that the cystoscope may cause bacteria to enter your urinary tract, according to the Mayo Clinic. This can lead to a bladder infection. It is common to experience burning during urination during the days following the procedure. You may also notice blood in your urine. Your doctor may prescribe you with antibiotics when you leave the office or may advise you to call their office if you experience bladder infection symptoms.

It's important to keep in mind that a cystoscopy is a very quick procedure. It generally only takes about five to ten minutes. If you have any other questions about the cystoscopy procedure, be sure to talk to your doctor.

Sources:
Mayo Clinic
WebMD