Do Facemasks Prevent H1N1 Virus Transmission?

Many people in H1N1-affected countries, including China, have been filmed wearing facemasks on the street, in busy airports and in any public place imaginable. Now concerned adults in the United States are wearing facemasks to prevent catching the H1N1 flu.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) does not recommend using facemasks to prevent the H1N1 flu, however. Although there is limited evidence showing wearing facemasks can prevent H1N1 virus transmission, the evidence is not strong enough for a recommendation from the CDC.

Why the CDC is Not Recommending Facemasks
The CDC is currently not recommending facemasks to protect against the H1N1 virus because there is simply not enough evidence. One study reported by WebMD.com showed facemasks reduced H1N1 virus transmission in families by 60 to 80 percent in combination with other preventative tactics, but few other studies have replicated similar results.

In fact, another study on facemasks in household settings showed it did not provide additional protection. Because of this, the CDC does not recommend using facemasks in any situation to prevent the H1N1 flu. They do say it can be considered in high risk situations, however, such as areas where the virus is prevalent. Caregivers working with people infected with the H1N1 virus can also consider facemask use if they are unable to avoid working with the infected person.

Another reason why it is not recommended is because the H1N1 virus contaminates many surfaces. Although air transmission, such as being around a person who coughs or sneezes, is the most common way it infects others, the virus also exists on hard surfaces. Touching a desk, table, or door handle contaminated by the H1N1 virus is another way to become infected.

Relying on facemasks to prevent the flu may not always work, especially if you do not use other prevention methods to reduce your risk. Therefore it is not recommended by the CDC.

Do Facemasks Cause H1N1 Transmission?
Although most health organizations do not recommend using facemasks to prevent transmission, there is no increase in flu transmission if used.

The CDC recommends people use other preventative methods to prevent catching the H1N1 virus. Washing your hands frequently, avoiding people who are obviously sick, and avoiding touching your nose, lips, or eyes are preventative measures shown to reduce the risk of catching the H1N1 flu.

Although facemasks are not recommended to prevent H1N1 infection, it doesn't hurt to wear it-but don't expect it to offer more protection than other preventative methods.

Sources:
Daniel J. DeNoon, "Swine Flu (H1N1) and Face Masks" (WebMD.com)
"Interim Recommendations for Facemask and Respirator Use to Reduce Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Transmission" (CDC.gov)