Feline Diabetes: Overview, Symptoms and Treatments

Feline diabetes mellitus is a complex endocrine disorder that is a relatively common ailment among older or obese cats, although any cat can develop the condition . Feline diabetes is caused by insufficient production of insulin in the pancreas (type 1), or by inadequate response of the body's cells to insulin (type 2). Both types of cat diabetes will ultimately cause high blood sugar, since glucose is not utilized properly in diabetic cats. Left untreated, feline diabetes can lead to a serious complications, including a life-threatening condition known as ketoacidosis.

It is estimated that 1 in 400 cats will acquire the disease at some point in his lifetime. Feline diabetes symptoms vary, depending on the type and stage of the disease. Often, symptoms are very subtle and develop slowly and gradually, making them difficult to recognize.

Some of the most common symptoms include: excessive urination (polyuria), excessive thirst (polydipsia), increased appetite, lethargy, vomiting, weight loss, dehydration, skin and coat problems, and behavioral changes.

Risk Factors for feline diabetes include: high carbohydrate/low protein intake, genetic predisposition, age (over 6 years old), lack of exercise, and obesity.

Prevention methods include incorporating a high protein, low carbohydrate diet into your cat's routine. Also, be sure your cat gets adequate exercise. This will help with weight management and overall health.

If you suspect your cat may have feline diabetes, the vet will perform an full physical examination, a blood test, and a urine test. If your cat is diagnosed with feline diabetes, he will be likely be hospitalized. There he will receive insulin injections once or twice a day. If he is dehydrated or suffering from ketoacidosis, he will be administered fluids. His blood glucose levels will be monitored, and insulin will be adjusted until blood glucose levels are stabilized.

It's crucial that diabetic cats receive proper home care in order to thrive despite their condition. Most diabetic cats require insulin injections twice a day, blood sugar monitoring, medication, and specific diets. Consult with your vet to determine what feline diabetes treatment is appropriate for you pet. You vet should provide detailed instructions regarding your pet's care. He should also be able to answer any questions you have regarding you cat's disease.

Feline diabetes is a manageable condition, although caring for a diabetic cat requires a solid commitment, as well as strong communication with your vet. The most important thing you can do is to educate yourself about all aspects of feline diabetes to ensure that you are taking the right steps to care for your pet. Happily, with adequate treatment and care, most diabetic cats can continue to live happy, healthy lives.