Housekeeping Recycling Program for Hospital Use

The purpose of this document is to give Hospital Facilities and Environmental Services Department Managers incite into the benefits of recycling the waste that is created in Hospitals. This document is a resource tool, and as such, will allow Managers to formulate an "attack plan" for recycling waste.

Chemicals, equipment and supplies have been factored in to determine the best possible solution to maximizing safety for everyone, cutting costs, as well as, assuring that Hospitals become "environment-friendly". The graphs attached are also a tool which will give the reader a visual aid to assist in developing a formalized plan that meets OSHA, JCAHO and State Regulations.

Derek E. Garner

Operations Manager-E.V.S

Housekeeping Manager

Facilities Manager

Recycling Program for Hospital Use

CLEANING CHEMICALS, EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES

CHEMICALS

Did you know...? Each year six billion pounds of chemicals are used for cleaning and maintaining

Institutional and commercial buildings in the U.S. alone. The majority of these products are derived from valuable, but non-renewable natural resources (typically petroleum) that once formulated into cleaning products, used and disposed of, will never again be available for use by future generations. Plus, many of these traditional chemicals while performing extremely well and which have been very important towards protecting health are known to have serious potential health and environmental effects including some which are carcinogenic, respiratory irritants, reproductive toxins, endocrine modifiers, air and water pollutants, and toxin buildup.

has collaborated with leading companies within the cleaning industry to identify cleaning products including chemicals, tools, equipment, and paper products that are specifically designed to be sustainable and which can reduce impacts on both human health and the environment.

To eliminate the guesswork and confusion around green products and the claims often made by

Manufacturers and services providers alike, your hospital will incorporate Recyclable products from national providers (when available).

One of the distinguishing characteristics of these cleaning products is that they are purchased in

Concentrated form and are mixed at the time of use. Using concentrated solutions cuts down on

Transportation, handling and storage costs. Inherent with concentrated cleaning chemicals is the

requirement for mixing stations that precisely mixes the dilutions for use. This controlled process helps ensure proper usage of the chemicals which contributes to worker safety during mixing and application. It also cuts down on product costs because, in the absence of a measuring system, and overuse of chemicals can occur.

Companies that make environmentally preferable products pay attention to other details as well. For instance, labels are generally screen printed on the products. This avoids a common problem of paper labels being removed or falling off containers. In addition to the obvious safety considerations, a lost label can lead to fines from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Companies also use reference numbers and color codes for each cleaner, as well as icons that show how the product is to be used. A floor cleaner, for instance, will include an icon showing a person washing a floor. The solutions are packaged in recycled containers. Environmentally preferable suppliers generally view the product as one piece of a cleaning process that needs to be environmentally aware every step of the way.

EQUIPMENT

Did you know...? Each year 500 million pounds of janitorial equipment such as vacuum cleaners and floor machines used for cleaning and maintaining institutional and commercial buildings are disposed in landfills in the U.S. alone -- enough to fill 10,000 garbage trucks! In addition to impacts on our landfills, the motors, switches, cords, wheels, plastics, metals and other materials of construction each have significant environmental impacts. Inefficient equipment may release airborne particles containing metals, pesticides, pollens, bacteria, and dust from floor finishes that will impact indoor air quality and occupant health.

recognizes the opportunities to reduce the environmental impact from our operations by utilizing equipment that is designed for efficiency. Cost evaluations must take into account not only the initial purchase price but the total cost of operation and anticipated useful life of the equipment to realize the best value from our equipment investments. We will use high performance vacuums and dust collection filters that conform to the Cleaning Industry standard of 96% capture rate at 0.3 microns. In critical environments, we will use three-step filter vacuums that adhere to HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filter standards that specify 99.97% of all particulates are collected. Furthermore, our vacuums will have received the green label seal of approval by the Carpet and Rug Institute to certify the performance of the vacuums.

Floor polishing and buffing equipment must have an active dust collection system to significantly reduce the amount of particles that can contaminate the air during floor maintenance operations. This reduces cleanup requirements and dust exposure for cleaning personnel, as well as building occupants. Carpet extraction equipment uses controlled applications of cleaning materials and less water, to meet our goal of less than 6 hour dry time to cut down on possibility for mildew and mold to grow, which can be extremely problematic for any building and its occupants. Spot extractors combined with the right cleaning agents, makes a substantial impact on reducing the need for solvent type spot removal chemicals containing Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and improving worker and occupant safety.

Vapor steam cleaners are becoming more popular and are highly recommended for cleaning and

disinfecting building equipment and finishes, without the use of chemical cleaning agents. The units deliver low moisture content steam under pressure at temperatures that range form 200 to 300 degrees. The heat and dry steam are a natural cleaner and deodorizer. When the vapor penetrates surfaces it destroys mold spores, bacteria, viruses and dust mites. The units are very effective for tile, grout, stone, and metal surfaces, and eliminate the need for solvent based degreasers or baseboard cleaning chemicals.

JANITORIAL PAPER PRODUCTS

Did you know...? Each year 4.5 billion pounds of janitorial paper products are consumed in institutional and commercial buildings in the U.S. alone. The production of this paper requires the cutting of some 25 million trees annually having enormous impacts on our forests and natural habitats.

For those clients where we supply janitorial paper products, we will negotiate contracts with the leading paper manufacturers which, at a minimum, meet the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Comprehensive Procurement Guidelines for post-consumer recycled content. In addition, we will also negotiate contracts with paper manufacturers who offer Green Seal certified paper which, in addition to the post-consumer content, offer chlorine-free bleach processes to even further reduce impacts on the environment.

We can also help identify towel and tissue dispensers that reduce paper consumption and are hands-free, to reduce the potential spread of harmful organisms to protect the health of the customer, employees and visitors.

TRASHCAN LINERS

Did you know...? Each year 36 billion trash can liners are consumed in institutional and commercial buildings in the U.S. alone. These liners are made from petroleum, a valuable but non-renewable natural resource. The use of plastic trashcan liners made with recycled content reduces the depletion of petroleum and also helps to reduce the U.S.'s reliance on foreign sources of petroleum.

is committed to addressing as many opportunities as possible which will result in reduced environmental impacts, all the way down to the selection of our trashcan liners. For those clients where recycled trash can liners are mandated, will negotiate contracts with the leading manufacturers which at a minimum meet the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ComprehensiveProcurement Guidelines for post-consumer recycled content. At present, recycled trash can liners are very costly and it is not considered to be part of our standard program.

OTHER TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Did you know...? Cleaning and maintaining institutional and commercial buildings consumes numerous other tools and equipment not specifically mentioned above, such as mops, buckets, carts, trashcans and recycling bins. These materials are traditionally made of virgin materials consuming significant amounts of resources. Recycling program will integrate a new approach to purchasing. In addition to product performance and cost, the purchase of all products is closely scrutinized, as well as the potential health and environmental impacts of those products considered. New cleaning industry technologies now allow us to find, for example, micro-fiber mops and dusting cloths to clean effectively using less chemicals and water, as well as plastic containers using recycled content.

DUSTING AND DUST MOPPING

Microfiber technology provides improvements over traditional dusting and dust mopping techniques which frequently move dust and other contaminants from one area to another, such as from a bookshelf to the floor. It is important to recognize that moving the dust around is more than just an efficiency issue. Dusting and dust mopping activities that do not capture soils frequently stir them into the air where people can then inhale the particles, which for some can become a serious health hazard. It is preferred to use microfiber sweeping tools or a vacuum cleaner fitted with a wide area hard floor attachment as compared to a dust mop treated with a high VOC content solvent. Microfiber procedures for dusting and dust mopping eliminate the need for chemical to minimize chemical dust treatments. The widest possible sweeping tool or vacuums should be used (based on the size of area and the physical abilities of the custodial worker). Feather dusters should NEVER be used. Entryways are the first line of defense against contaminants. Special effort should be made in these areas.

FLOOR AND CARPET CARE

The procedures for floor care in a green maintenance program require the notification of occupants of any aggressive cleaning procedures schedule to identify chemically sensitive occupants. Beyond the traditional issues, floor care in a green maintenance program addresses the selection of environmentally preferable products and equipment, along with some minor modifications of the procedures themselves. The primary effort should be a pollution prevention strategy, or one that minimizes the need to strip and recoat a floor, or extract a carpet. Thus, a specific focus should be on preventative measures.

A written floor maintenance plan and log is provided which details the number of coats of floor finish being applied as the base and other applications (top coat), along with all relevant maintenance/restoration practices and the dates of these activities along with the duration.

The removing of floor finishes is perhaps one of the most labor-intensive and hazardous of all major maintenance operations, placing both cleaning personnel and occupants at risk.

Furthermore, frequent stripping introduces significant amounts of environmental impacts through both the use and disposal of products.

Thus, the objective of a green floor maintenance program is to minimize the frequency of

Stripping/removing and maximize the longevity of the coatings. The restoration process plays a huge factor in the longevity of the coating. Beyond the traditional issues, carpet care in a green maintenance program addresses the selection of the appropriate products and equipment along with some minor modifications of the procedures themselves.

REST ROOM CLEANING

Procedures for cleaning restrooms will require retraining and retooling of workers with a specific focus on sanitation.

TRAINING

Did you know... 3 million custodians are employed in the cleaning of institutional and commercial buildings in the U.S. alone? And while selecting the right products is of critical importance, it is of equal if not greater importance to make sure that cleaning personnel are using the products correctly. Training on appropriate product dilution, use and disposal can have a huge impact on reducing impacts on worker and occupant health, as well as to the environment. And sometimes the greatest impact we can make in terms of reducing impacts around our most vulnerable building occupants is not the product, but rather how and when the product is used. Thus the appropriate training which focuses on creating safer, healthier and more productive environments for our building occupants is what is required to maximize the benefits to people, while at the same time reducing environmental impacts. invests heavily in general employee training. While there are OSHA and other requirements that all service providers must meet, training goes far beyond that which is minimally required by law. will establish a working relationship with suppliers with the ability to train personnel, regarding green janitorial products and cleaning. We have developed standardized training programs to ensure our workers are doing the job right the first time. Furthermore, in addition to the traditional training necessary on cleaning products, equipment and procedures, our Recycling program will also consider how it can affect the health and safety of employees, visitors and other building occupants.

Our training extends from equipment maintenance to mixing station operations to proper application procedures. Seemingly minor techniques, such as applying a cleaner to a cloth rather than spraying it on a surface, are important and can have an enormous impact on exposures to building occupants and the environment. A big part of the training is explaining the importance of the procedures to workers. They need to understand how they affect the environment as they go through their work day, as well as the benefits to customers and to their own health and safety. keeps detailed training records for each employee. These records are used in scheduling workers to ensure everyone is properly trained before he or she is assigned any task.

WASTE STREAM MANAGEMENT (RECYCLING)

Did you know...? Every year, the United States generates approximately 40 billion pounds of trash-about 4.3 pounds per person per day. Less than one-quarter of it is recycled; the rest is incinerated or buried in landfills. With a little forethought, we could reuse or recycle more than 70 percent of the land-filled waste, which includes valuable materials such as glass, metal, and paper. This would reduce the demand on virgin sources of these materials and eliminate potentially severe environmental, economic, and public health problems.

Waste stream management seeks to minimize trash and maximize recyclables. For, it will start with using concentrated green cleaning products and dispensing equipment. This minimizes waste from both the chemicals themselves, as well as from product packaging. Janitorial equipment such as vacuum cleaners and floor machines are purchased for performance and durability, so they last longer. We recommend clients consider hand towels and toilet paper for green sites that have 40% and 30% post-consumer recycled fiber, and help "close the loop" by purchasing products that contain recycled materials.

recognizes full participation and integration are required to establish and maintain a successful recycling program. prides itself on being an industry leader and responsible community citizen.

We are committed to the concept of conservation. When it comes to recycling or solid waste

management, the vast resources of can be tapped to solve any problem or address any specific concern. We concentrate our efforts on site collection and transport responsibilities, constituent awareness, establishing participation drives and negotiating salvage reclamation revenue rates. expertise in recycling programs at Medical and Commercial facilities can be beneficial in fulfilling state/local recycling quotas, reducing mainstream waste disposal costs and enhancing the customer's environmental awareness program.

PRODUCT STRATEGY

commitment to environmentally friendly cleaning extends to the chemicals, paper products and equipment it uses. Our strong preference is to use Green Seal Certified products from one of our national providers. Green Seal does not offer certification in all categories and in those instances environmentally preferred alternatives comply with EPA and California code for VOC content have been recommended.

Green Seal Certified products are strongly recommended because they have undergone the rigorous process of certification and many customers identify the Green Seal logo as being "proof" that a product is "green". The following sections of product issues are for individual products that cover the majority of janitorial requirements. This matrix is not intended to be definitive, but is only intended to serve to identify some of the typical issues for each product type, and suggest the most effective and approved product to be used safely and in an environmentally friendly way. Recycling "Team" will review and test in the field most of the products/equipment provided in the matrix. In addition to its products, EcoLab has been very proactive in its 'green' cleaning techniques. Additionally, and EcoLab, have a long-term strategic relationship. Therefore it is strongly recommended that we avail ourselves of the advantage in distribution, training, and insurance (i.e. slip and falls) that are offered when using

EcoLab products.

Our product strategy falls into three categories as follows:

Allowed

Optional

Preferred

PREFERRED

Usually Green Seal certified

Tested in the field, and found to be effective

Sometimes more than one product, if two or more effective products have been identified

OPTIONAL

Meets the applicable standards

Tested in the field and found to be a viable alternative to the preferred products

ALLOWED

A product that meets applicable EPA, Green Seal, California Code for VOC content standards but either

1) Have not been certified, and/or

2) Have not been evaluated in the field

CLEANING PRODUCT CONSIDERATIONS

Each category of cleaning products has a limited number of health and environmental attributes that might differentiate one product from another. The following list of product issues is for products that cover the majority of janitorial requirements. This list is not intended to be complete, but is only intended to serve to identify some of the typical issues for each product type.

ALL PURPOSE CLEANERS

All Purpose Cleaners consist of a broad array of possible formulations.

The following are some of the specific issues to compare for this product category:

• pH: Prefer those with a neutral pH (closer to 7) as compared to those with extreme pH (closer

to 1 or 14)

• Biodegradability: Prefer those that are readily biodegradable as compared to those that are

slower to degrade. Unfortunately, many older formulations use excellent performing

ingredients that have been found to have serious environmental and health concerns (see

ingredients to avoid)

• Dyes & Fragrances: Prefer those with no or low levels of dyes and fragrances compared to

those products that are heavily dyed or fragranced. If dyes are necessary use those that are

approved for foods and cosmetics (F&C)

• VOCs: Prefer those that have no or low VOC as compared to alternatives with higher levels

• Consider detergent based products compared to those containing solvents

• More Preferable Ingredients: surfactants containing terms such as lauryl, amides, and

Glycosides

• Less Preferable Ingredients: Nonyl Phenol Ethoxylates, NTA, EDTA, glycol ethers, sodium

Hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, phosphates

BATHROOM CLEANERS

Bathroom Cleaners are often acids because of the need to remove mineral deposits from sinks, bowls and urinals. Frequently they are heavily dyed and strongly fragranced.

The following are some of the specific issues to compare for this product category:

• pH: Prefer those with a more neutral pH as compared to those with extreme pH (closer to 1).

Bathroom cleaners may fall more in the range of pH 4 as compared to traditional products

that may have a pH below 1

• Dyes & Fragrances: Prefer those with no or low levels of dyes and fragrances compared to

those products that are heavily dyed or fragranced. If dyes are necessary use those that are

approved for foods and cosmetics (F&C)

• Biodegradability: Prefer those that are readily biodegradable as compared to those that are

slower to degrade. Unfortunately, many older formulations use excellent performing

ingredients that have been found to have serious environmental and health concerns (see

ingredients to avoid)

• More Preferable Ingredients: surfactants containing terms such as lauryl, amidcs, glycosides,

Citric or acetic acid

• Less Preferable Ingredients: nonyl phenol ethoxylates, NTA, EDTA, hydrochloric acid,

Phosphoric acid

BATHROOM DISINFECTANTS

Bathroom Disinfectants are similar to general disinfectants, but typically may have an acidic pH (closer to 1) to remove hard water deposits in sinks, bowls and urinals. The selection issues include both those under general disinfectants and bathroom cleaners. Care in selection and use is important.

The following are some of the specific issues to compare for this product category:

• See Bathroom Cleaners for similar attributes

• Antimicrobial Ingredients: Prefer antimicrobial ingredients that have a lower potential for

persistence in the environment and to accumulate in living tissue compared to those with a

greater potential

• More Preferable Active Ingredients: hydrogen peroxide

• Less Preferable Active Ingredients: sodium hypochlorite (chlorine bleach), quaternary

Ammonium compounds, alcohols, phenolic compounds

CARPET CLEANER:

See All Purpose Cleaners. In addition, select carpet cleaners that when dry are not sticky or tacky. This

minimizes re-soiling and extends the time between cleaning.

CHROME CLEANER/POLISH - STAINLESS STEEL

Chrome Cleaner/Polish frequently use petroleum distillates, which are poisonous and derived from a nonrenewable resource.

The following are some of the specific issues to compare for this product category:

• VOC: Prefer those that have no or low VOC as compared to alternatives with higher levels

• Bio-Based / Renewable Resources: Prefer products that use oils derived from renewable

resources as compared to oils from non-renewable resources

• More Preferable: Preservation of polish with glass cleaner and microfiber cloth

• Less Preferable Ingredients: petroleum distillates, ammonia

FLOOR FINISHES

Floor Finishes must be durable and appropriate for the prescribed maintenance method, but they typically contain heavy metals. Importantly, floor finishes must be compatible with the stripping solution. The following are some of the specific issues to compare for this product category:

• Durability: Prefer finishes that are more durable (require less maintenance such as buffing,

restoring and recoating) than less durable finishes that require more frequent maintenance

• Heavy Metals: Prefer non-metal cross-linked polymers as compared to those containing heavy

metals. Another significant benefit of non-metal polymer formulas is that frequently they can be

removed with less hazardous floor strippers

• More Preferable Ingredients: metal-free polymers. Less Preferable Ingredients: metal-cross

linked polymers

FLOOR STRIPPERS

Floor Strippers typically have extreme pH, solvents and ammoniated compounds necessary to remove metal cross-linked floor finishes. Floor strippers must be compatible with the floor finish.

The following are some of the specific issues to compare for this product category:

• pH: Prefer those with a pH closer to neutral (in the range of 10 to 12) as compared to those

with extreme pH (closer to 14)

• VOC: Prefer those that have no or low VOC as compared to alternatives with higher levels

• Bio-Based / Renewable Resources: Prefer those that containing naturally derived solvents

as compared to those containing non renewable derived solvents

• More Preferable Ingredients: d-Limonene (citrus solvent) and methyl esters

• Less Preferable Ingredients: ethylene glycol mono butyl ether (butyl cellusolve), 2-

Butoxyethanol, ammonia, and sodium hydroxide

FURNITURE POLISH

Furniture Polishes frequently use petroleum distillates, which are poisonous and derived from a nonrenewable resource. The following are some of the specific issues to compare for this product category:

• VOC: Prefer those that have no or low VOC as compared to alternatives with higher levels

• Bio-Based / Renewable Resources: Prefer products that use oils derived from renewable

resources as compared to oils from non-renewable resources

• More Preferable Ingredients: citrus (lemon and orange) oils

• Less Preferable Ingredients: petroleum distillates

GENERAL DEGREASER

General Degreasers are typically heavy-duty cleaners that include solvents for removing oil-based soils. Traditional solvents are typically derived from a non-renewable sources (e.g., petroleum), can be flammable, have a high degree of VOC's which can cause respiratory irritation and contribute to environmental pollution and some have severe health impacts.

The following are some of the specific issues to compare for this product category:

• See also All-Purpose Cleaners

• VOC: Prefer those that have no or low VOC as compared to alternatives with higher levels

• Bio-Based / Renewable Prefer products that use oils derived from renewable resources as

compared to oils from non-renewable resources

• Flashpoint: Prefer products that have a high flashpoint compared to those with a low flashpoint

• More Preferable Ingredients: d-Limonene (derived from citrus fruits) and methyl esters from soy

and corn

• Less Preferable Ingredients: glycol ethers in general, ethylene glycol mono butyl ether (butylcellusolve), and sodium hydroxide

GENERAL DISINFECTANTS

General Disinfectants are similar to cleaners (see all-purpose cleaners) with additional ingredients added to kill bacteria and other unwanted organisms, and bathroom disinfectants. Because disinfectants kill organisms they are toxic by definition. Some are persistent in the environment and accumulate in living tissue. Care in selection and use is important.

The following are some of the specific issues to compare for this product category:

• See also Bathroom Disinfectants for similar attributes

• Antimicrobial Ingredients: Prefer antimicrobial ingredients that have a lower potential for

persistence in the environment and to accumulate in living tissue compared to those with a

greater potential

• More Preferable Active Ingredients: hydrogen peroxide

• Less Preferable Active Ingredients: sodium hypochlorite (chlorine bleach), quaternary ammonium compounds and phenolic compounds

GLASS CLEANERS

Glass Cleaners are cleaners that have ingredients added to reduce streaking and to evaporate quickly. Traditional glass cleaners can contain alcohol and other solvents (typically glycol ethers) or ammonia.

• VOCs: Prefer those that have no or low VOC as compared to alternatives with higher levels.

Consider detergent based products compared to those containing solvents

• Flashpoint: Prefer products that have a high flashpoint compared to those with a low flashpoint

• pH: Prefer those with a neutral pH (closer to 7) as compared to those with extreme pH (closer to

1 or 14)

• Biodegradability: Prefer those that are readily biodegradable as compared to those that are

slower to degrade. Unfortunately, many older formulations use excellent performing ingredients

that have been found to have serious environmental and health concerns (see ingredients to

avoid)

• Dyes & Fragrances: Prefer those with no or low levels of dyes and fragrances compared to those products that are heavily dyed or fragranced. If dyes are necessary use those that are approved for foods and cosmetics (F&C)

• More Preferable Ingredients: surfactants containing terms such as lauryl, amides, and glycosides

• Less Preferable Ingredients: ammonia, alcohols, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and other

Glycol ethers

GRAFFITI REMOVER

Graffiti Remover used to be formulated with chlorinated solvents (e.g., methylene chloride) before they were banned due to their environmental impact. Many graffiti removers are packaged in aerosol contains which often contain hydrocarbon propellants (e.g., propane, butane), which are highly flammable and can contribute to indoor air quality problems.

• VOCs: Prefer those that have no or low VOC as compared to alternatives with higher levels.

Consider detergent based products compared to those containing solvents

• Flashpoint: Prefer products that have a high flashpoint compared to those with a low

flashpoint

• pH: Prefer those with a neutral pH (closer to 7) as compared to those with extreme pH (closer

to 1 or 14)

• More Preferable Ingredients: n-Methyl-2-Pyrolidone, d-Limonene

• Less Preferable Ingredients: methylene chloride, petroleum distillates, propane, butane,

Isobutene and sodium hydroxide

GUM REMOVER

Gum Removers used to be formulated with chlorinated solvents (e.g. Freon) before they were banned due to their environmental impact. Dry ice and carbon dioxide are preferable replacements. Degreasers can be used in some situations (see section on General Degreasers).

• VOCs: Prefer those that have no or low VOC as compared to alternatives with higher levels

• Consider detergent based products compared to those containing solvents

• Flashpoint: Prefer products that have a high flashpoint compared to those with a low

flashpoint

• pH: Prefer those with a neutral pH (closer to 7) as compared to those with extreme pH (closer

to 1 or 14)

• More Preferable Ingredients: dry ice, carbon dioxide

• Less Preferable Ingredients: Freon, dichlorodifluoromethane, trichloro-fluoromethane

LIME & SCALE REMOVER

• Lime & Scale Removers are acids because of the need to remove mineral deposits from sinks,

bowls and urinals

• pH: Prefer those with a more neutral pH as compared to those with extreme pH (closer to 1).

Environmentally preferable lime and scale removers may fall more in the range of pH 4 as

compared to traditional products that may have a pH below 1

• More Preferable Ingredients: citric or acetic acid

• Less Preferable Ingredients: hydrochloric or phosphoric acid

SOLVENT SPOT REMOVERS

Solvent Spot Removers are necessary for spot removal particularly on carpets.

Use detergent based spoilers if possible (must be followed with extraction or other method to

remove/absorb the detergent). Preferred: Vapor steam cleaner, or spot extraction methods for spot stain removal.

URINAL DEODORIZERS

Urinal Deodorizers are traditionally blocks placed in urinals to reduce odors.

• Preferably these deodorizers should be eliminated altogether through more frequent cleaning

and other methods of deodorizing. However, if urinal deodorizers are still required preference

should be given to those with the safest ingredients

• Biodegradability: Prefer detergents that are readily biodegradable as compared to those that

are slower to degrade. Unfortunately, many older formulations use excellent performing

ingredients that have been found to have serious environmental and health concerns (see

ingredients to avoid)

• More Preferable Ingredients: surfactants containing terms such as lauryl, amides, glycoside

• Less Preferable Ingredients: nonyl phenol ethoxylates, Para dichlorobenzene

WOOD & STONE FLOOR COATINGS

Wood & stone floor coatings have traditionally been solvent-based products.

• While extremely durable to protect flooring materials that are very expensive to replace, these

coatings can be quite hazardous during the drying and curing period. The two primary issues to

consider during product selection is the use of zero or low-VOC containing materials which will

reduce indoor air quality concerns and the products durability which is important to protect the

flooring and due to the product and applications cost. Adhere to manufacturer's recommendations

in application for these types of finishes, request supplier support for training

• Durability: Prefer durable finishes that require less maintenance (e.g., recoating) than less

durable finishes that require more frequent recoating

• Flashpoint: Prefer products that have a high flashpoint compared to those with a low

flashpoint

• More Preferable Ingredients: water- or epoxy-based finishes

• Less Preferable Ingredients: xylene, stoddard solvent

DISPOSABLE PAPER AND PLASTIC BAGS

The issues associated with selecting paper products compared to cleaning products are significantly simpler. The issues of concern for paper are primarily focused at the manufacturing stage of the product. Whereas cleaners may have more then a dozen individual ingredients which can vary significantly from category to category and even amongst different products within the same category, paper is relatively similar. Paper has less emphasis on health issues during the products usage stage, or environmental impacts as a result of disposal.

RECOMMENDED EQUIPMENT

will adopt a low environmental impact cleaning equipment policy that uses janitorial

equipment maximizing the effective reduction of building contaminants with environmental impact.

Equipment will be selected based on its ability to protect and enhance: air quality, occupant health, building finishes, and operating systems. Equipment must be maintained and operated in a manner that will reduce exposure of building occupants and cleaning personnel to potentially hazardous conditions, and reduce the disposition of contaminants in the building.

The following standards will apply:

• Vacuum cleaners meet the requirements of the Carpet & Rug Institute "Green Label Program",

and are capable of capturing 96% of particulates 0.3 microns in size and operate with a sound

level less than 70dBA

• Hot water extraction equipment for deep cleaning carpets is capable of removing sufficient

moisture such that carpets can dry in less than 24 hours

• Powered maintenance equipment including floor buffers, burnishers, and automatic scrubbers is

equipped with vacuums, guards and/or other devices for capturing fine particulates, and shall

operate with a sound level less than 70dBA

• Propane-powered floor equipment has high-efficiency, low-emissions engines

• Automated scrubbing machines are equipped with variable-speed feed pumps to optimize the use of cleaning fluids

• Battery-powered equipment is equipped with environmentally preferable gel batteries

• Where appropriate, active microfiber technology is used to reduce cleaning chemical

consumption and prolong life of disposable scrubbing pads

• Powered equipment is ergonomically designed to minimize vibration, noise, and user fatigue

• Equipment has rubber bumpers to deduce potential damage to building surfaces

• A log will be kept for all powered housekeeping equipment to document the date of equipment

purchase and all repair and maintenance activities, and include vendor cut sheets for each type

of equipment in use in the logbook

Model 300CS Blitz II 300CV

PROCEDURES & TRAINING

TASK (JOB) DESCRIPTION OVERVIEW

'Green' maintenance services is a process that reduces the overall impacts of cleaning on health and the environment. This is accomplished by identifying and removing potentially harmful compounds or contaminants from the workplace. The function of the cleaning process is to reduce exposure to airborne particulates which may contain mold spores, bacteria, allergens, and other harmful contaminants. 'Green' cleaning procedures are similar to traditional procedures, with the focus on source reduction and pollution prevention. The primary goal is to protect the health of the building occupants by reducing potential hazards and accommodating the needs of vulnerable individuals. The foundation of the 'Green' cleaning program is:

• Containment of soil at points of infiltration or origin

• Targeted sanitation of touch and transfer points

• Use of low environmental impact cleaning products

• Equipment with dust control capabilities

• Notification of affected building occupants when aggressive cleaning activities are scheduled

• Comprehensive employee training programs

In the following procedures, Microfiber products have been substituted in place of traditional mops, dusting and cleaning cloths. The U.S. Green Building Council specifies Microfiber products because they capture more dust, conserve water and require fewer chemicals than traditional tools. Microfiber yarn is produced by splitting polyester fibers to 1/10 the diameter of a human hair. These fibers have hooked ends that capture and hold particles that traditional methods leave behind. The new micro fiber technology will require the installation of a washer and dryer on site, as they will not withstand the high temperatures of commercial laundries. Daily laundering will significantly reduce inventory of mops/cloths and the initial investment required.

Microfiber cloths are generally color coded to minimize potential for cross contamination the standard for general cleaning operations at hospital and facility sites is:

• Color for rest room touch surfaces

• Color for office and general cleaning purposes

• Color for cleaning glass

Unger, a producer of Micro fiber cleaning tools, offers the following advice:

As with any new technology, Microfiber comes with a learning curve. The most common problems people have with the product are in the areas of technique and laundering. Here are a few tips on how to get it right:

Technique

• Dusting should be done totally dry - that means no water or dust-treating chemicals.

• Wet mopping takes very little moisture - people often overload the Microfiber cloth or pad with

water or chemical. This will cause streaking.

• Start cleaning at the door or highest traffic area.

• Microfiber mops release solution when pressure is applied - if you start opposite the door,

you'll have little solution left by the time you reach the high-traffic area.

• When cleaning with Microfiber mops - start at the door, drag the mop across room releasing a

path of cleaning solution, then mop back and forth to pick up and re-distribute cleaning

solution until you're back at the door.

Laundering

• Microfiber can be washed hundreds of times - if done correctly,

•Wash according to the manufacturer's recommendations and tumbled dry on a cool setting

•Wash only with like materials. Lint from cotton or other fibers will make the Microfiber less

effective

•Never wash Microfiber with bleach or fabric softener. These chemicals will damage the fiber

and reduce effects.

RECYCLING

1. Ensure that the building collection meets with the guidelines from the local recycling hauler

and recycling facility

2. Ensure that occupants understand what can be recycled and how it needs to be separated

3. Food containers such as soda cans should be rinsed clean by occupants before placing in

recycling containers so as to not attract pests

4. Track recycling results

Recycling is a very important pollution prevention activity to reduce our burdens on the environment as a result of both solid waste disposal and the extraction of the natural raw materials. The recycling effort is guided by regulations and mandated including EPA's Comprehensive Procurement Guidelines. Check with local waste haulers and recyclers to determine what materials are picked-up and for the best sorting strategies. Currently, District employees are asked to collect the following materials for recycling:

• Clear, green and brown glass bottles and jars

• White office paper (e.g., copier, bond, and computer)

• Mixed office paper (e.g., ledger paper, folders, pamphlets, brochures, envelopes)

• Newspaper

• Cardboard

• Telephone and other books

• Scrap metal including steel containers

• Fluorescent lamps

TRASH HAULING SPECIFICATIONS

The intent of the trash hauling specifications is to maximize efficiency in trash hauling by reducing the amount of tonnage and the number of pickups resulting in cost savings, and maximize profit to the site. The trash/recycle contractor usually has, on site, a trash compactor and desirably a recycle compactor. The compactors will be for the disposal of all building trash and recyclable materials. The trash/recycle contractor must schedule the removal and replacement of the compactors as necessary to maximize efficiency. Scheduled pickup and delivery times are subject to the approval of the Facilities Services Manager. The trash/recycle contractor must note that no trash can be left on, under or next to a compactor and the compactor area must be kept neat and sanitized nightly to prevent foul odors and the attraction of vermin. Site staff other than the contracted cleaning staff will be allowed access to the compactor. This in no way

vindicates the trash/recycle contractor from maintaining a neat and sanitized area. The trash/recycle contractor must maintain the compactor to work at 100% efficiency at all times.

The trash/recycle contractor must produce monthly reports indicating the trash amounts and trash costs broken down.

As the trash/recycle contractor invoices the Facilities Services Manager monthly for all trash disposal and pick-ups. Such invoice is usually broken down by cost and accompanied by a report. That report contains very important recycle information that will vindicate the recycle program on site.

RECYCLING SPECIFICATIONS

It is the goal of Sodexho to maintain a highly effective mixed paper-recycling program. The trash/recycle contractor must maintain the recycling program. The trash/recycle contractor must be able to implement the recycling program with little duress to tenants and with minimal visual or other impact on work areas.

It is goal to increase recycling rates in all floors. will evaluate the trash/recycle contractor performance based, in part, on the recycling rates achieved within each floors. The trash/recycle contractor must submit on a monthly basis, a status report that outlines progress in meeting these goals and, if goals are not being met, must provide a detailed plan as to how recycling rates will be increased to achieve stated targets.

TRASH

1. Ensure that trash especially that which contains food waste are removed frequently and are

not left in buildings over an extended period of time (i.e. weekends or holidays)

2. Dispose properly and ensure that trash does not attract pests, birds, etc. nor create litter

3. Make sure that trash and recyclables are being separated properly

4. Make sure occupants know how to separate recyclables

• Trash should be handled as with a traditional program. If it is not pulled and disposed

everyday (in many cases totally unnecessary) it should be pulled and disposed before

weekends and holidays to minimize the opportunity to attract pests.

TRASH/RECYCLE MATERIALS

The trash/recycle contractor must maintain the existing mixed paper recycling program which provides for the collection and recycling of the following materials:

• All Paper may be colored, white, or shredded

• Adding machine tape

• Bond grade catalogs and brochures

• Computer printout - green bar or white

• Envelopes (with or without windows

• File stock, manila file folders

• Letterhead, stationery, typing paper, writing paper

• Bond paper, copy paper

• NCR or carbonless forms

• "Post-it" notes

• Fax paper except thermal fax (roll type)

•Newspaper and inserts

•Magazines

•Coated or glossy paper

• Phone books

•boxes

•paper with staples, paper clips and rubber bands are accepted

COLLECTION

The Contractor must maintain the current desk side recycling program at each staff person's desk on a daily basis. Cleaners service each desk utilizing two individual wheeled containers. One each - for trash and recyclable materials.

• Catalogs

• Corrugated boxes

• Kraft envelopes

The trash/recycle contractor must have a comprehensive container-recycling program on site

with Building Managers, and Food Service Contractors. Such program will include the supply of recycling containers with lids at each location with accompanying educational material and signage. Quantities of recycling containers, posters and educational materials must be sufficient to maintain an effective program throughout the site (to be determined by the Facilities Services Manager). The contractor will be responsible for servicing each location on a frequent and regular basis to limit contamination and the attraction of pests. Such a container program will at a minimum include:

• Bottles- Plastic and Glass

• Cans- Aluminum, steel/tin

• Drink boxes and other paper cartons.

• Educational brochures

• Paper recycle containers (waste and shredded)

• Batteries, Toner Cartridges, etc.

EDUCATION

Trash/recycle contractor must partner with Sodexho and should have an education plan. It is desirable that the plan be detailed and comprehensive. The trash/recycle contractor will be asked to conduct an ongoing education program in order to maintain recycling rates which in turn minimize trash removal costs.

On a regular basis and at least annually, the trash/recycle contractor must provide the building tenants with all necessary educational materials to adequately inform them of the materials to be collected, the frequency of collection, and contact number to call with complaints. Such educational materials must include at a minimum an initial flyer distributed to all tenants upon the program implementation with basic program information. Updated educational materials must be distributed to all tenants at least once a

year. Based on the trash/recycle contractor's ability to meet stated recycling goals, the Facilities/E.V.S. Manager may require additional educational materials to be developed and distributed by the Contractor. The trash/recycle contractor must place appropriate signs at appropriate locations that help to educate tenants about what materials may be recycled in what locations. The type, size and final number of signs should be determined by the trash/recycle contractor and the Facilities/E.V.S. Manager.

It is suggested that on a regular basis, at least annually, the trash/recycle contractor must set up a lobby display in each site (with Hospital permission) that promotes the recycling program and provides educational materials about the program. The trash/recycle contractor should be able to meet with the Facilities/E.V.S. Manager upon request at any time to discuss any concerns, complaints or problems with performance or to provide periodic updates. Any changes in the recycling program must be closely monitored by the facility.

RECYCLING CONTAINERS

Recycling and trash containers (e.g. Rubbermaid Brand SKU# 2956) are in place at each staff person's desk. Although it varies from site-to-site, historically the trash/recycle contractor must supply all initial and replacement recycling containers necessary to implement and sustain an effective recycling program on the site. These include all desk side containers, larger containers for copy rooms and other large sources of paper generation, centrally located containers for non-office paper and any other types of containers necessary to manage a successful recycling program. It is recommended that the trash/recycle contractor must replace containers when damaged, lost or otherwise unusable. and the trash/recycle contractor must determine the exact number and size of recycling containers needed to handle all mandatory recyclable items and any other materials.

RECYCLING DESTINATIONS/CONFIRMATION

The trash/recycle contractor must provide for the delivery of recyclable materials to recycling facilities that can demonstrate that all materials are actually recycled following their receipt. This contractor must also provide the Hospital (and a copy to a authorized representative) with documentation with each monthly invoice that certifies that all material collected have been recycled.

TRASH RECYCLING REPORTING

The trash/recycle contractor in conjunction with must track and chart the hospital's waste stream and provide monthly reports and charts that generates total waste generation and the percentage of total waste being recycled. It is important that a recycle log (located in the E.V.S. office) is used to reconcile the trash/recycle contractor's recycle numbers with the recycle results. In addition, a breakdown of the percentage of actual materials being recycled such as cardboard, mixed paper, newsprint, should be made available by the trash/recycle contractor.

It is recommended that the trash/recycle contractor should also provide comparisons of waste generation and recycling rates from year to year and it is desirable that this contractor provide environmental data that illustrates the environmental benefits of such a program (such as, how many tree were saved, landfill areas not used).