How to Build a Van Dwelling: Insulating Your Van

Once you've prepared your van for construction the first step is insulating the shell so you can be more comfortable during both cold and hot weather. An added benefit of insulating your van is sound deadening. An empty van sounds like a tinny empty soup can, a situation that can be resolved with insulation. It will also quiet road noise and when your parked amongst running equipment such as at a truck stop outside noise will be greatly reduced.

There are many different types of insulation to choose from though one issue you want to keep in mind is condensation.

If you plan on using an insulation that might trap moisture be sure to include a seamless vapor barrier into your project. Living in such a confined space may tend to accumulate moisture during certain times of the year. Installation of a powered roof vent will go a long way in dissipating moisture but by all means you need to be on the lookout for mold as your health can be severely affected if it gets a foot hold.

For my van I've chosen 1" dense Styrofoam panels as you can easily cut them to fit into the van structure. To secure them in place I've attached 1x3 boards using 1-¼" self drilling hex head screws. The 1x3 boards serve a dual purpose. Initially to secure the Styrofoam panels in place, but more importantly they will give a solid base to attach the paneling that will be the final surface on both the walls and ceiling.

Once all the Styrofoam panels are in place all small crevices and openings that remain will be stuffed with loose fiberglass insulation. Before you are ready to install your paneling the final step is to install a layer of plastic sheeting. It would be best to use one continuous sheet for both walls and the ceiling as any gaps will allow moisture to infiltrate your insulation and collect behind your walls.

I plan on finishing the walls and ceiling before the floor is addressed. It too will be insulated with sheets of Styrofoam insulation before a suitable sub floor material is installed.

To ensure you have a good strong base on which to attach your final paneling be sure to install adequate numbers of 1x3 firing strips. This is one area where going overboard may be a good thing. Secure them solidly to the metal ribs of the van (don't drill through the outer skin of the van) and you have a foundation for attaching cabinets and accessories as you complete your van dwelling project.

Take your time and do as neat and thorough a job as you can. Your comfort as well as your satisfaction in a job well done depends on it.