How to Drive Safely in a Rainstorm

It can be fairly said that most car accidents happen during inclement weather. A simple rain shower can turn deadly for the unfocused driver. While most people understand the proper use of windshields and the importance of slowing down, there are other elements that drivers should look out for when driving in the rain.

It's not very well known that the most dangerous time to drive during a rainstorm is not when it hits the hardest, but at the very beginning of the shower. Over long, dry periods, engine oil and grease build up over the road. When it begins to rain, it dredges up these hidden elements and the road becomes extremely slick. Eventually all the oils will wash away as the storm continues, but driving through the first few hours should be done so cautiously.

When using brakes during a shower, brake earlier and with less force. This is simply a necessary precaution to take as you don't know how your car may react if you press the brakes when you would normally. Braking earlier will allow for a greater distance between yourself and the driver ahead of you. Keep a greater distance between your car and a truck or van, as both of these vehicles can shoot blinding rain onto your windshield. Passing them is dangerous, but if necessary, you must do so quickly and safely.

Using turn signals efficiently is absolutely necessary and cruise control should not be used during a storm. Though convenient in good weather, cruise control contributes to a lack of control over your car. When driving in the rain, control of the car is a necessity, as your car could hydroplane. When driving be sure to stay close to the center lane, as water pools more on side lanes.

Even when it is raining lightly, it is important to put on your headlights. While this seems like a no-brainer, we all have seen cars driving without their headlights on in light and heavy rain. Headlights not only help you see the road, but allow for those around you to be aware of your presence.

When it begins to rain, chances are, your front windows will begin to fog up. The way to handle this is to turn on your front and rear defrosters and ensure that the air conditioning is turned on. Also, make sure that your windshield wipers are in good condition. Even if they are slightly damaged, this can lead to a serious accident.

Water will eventually build up as the storm continues, so drive very slowly and look for moving water. Never drive through moving water if you can't see the ground through it. If you do come across a flooded area, stop your car and check the water level. If it is deeper than the bottom of your doors or the bottom third of your wheels, don't continue. If you do drive through, you could risk destroying your electric control systems -- resulting a hefty repair bill amounting in the thousands.

The two things that are most frightening when driving in inclement weather are skids and hydroplaning. To avoid skids, it is important to drive slowly and cautiously, especially on curves. If you do end up in a skid, stay calm and ease your foot off the gas, steering in the direction you want the front of your car to go. If you don't have anti-lock brakes, try not to use the brakes. If you do have ABS, brake as you firmly "steer into the skid."

Hydroplaning is possibly one of the most frightening experiences for a driver and occurs when the water in front of your tires builds up faster than your car can push it away. The water pressure causes your car to rise and slide upon the thin layer of water between your tires. If you are hydroplaning, again, stay calm. Do not turn or brake suddenly as this could throw your car into a skid. Ease off the gas until the car slows down and you can "feel the road." If you need to brake, do so lightly. If your car has ABS, brake normally. You can help prevent hydroplaning by keeping your tires inflated and making sure the tire tread is good.

It important to keep in mind that while all of these suggestions will help during a rain shower, if you cannot see or feel that you may lose control over your car, pull off the road. Especially at night, driving can become extra dangerous with the combination of rain, glaring lights and driver fatigue.

It is important to be prepared for any sort of inclement weather. Check your tires and your windshield wipers on a regular basis. Be sure your car has an emergency kit and during the winter, it isn't a bad idea to carry a supply of salt or sand and a small snow shovel. After all, it never hurts to be prepared.

Tips for Driving in Rain, SmartMotorist.com

Skidding and Hydroplaning in Rainy Conditions, National Safety Council.

Liz Kim and Joanne Helperin, Tips and Techniques for Driving in Rain, Edmunds.com