How to Perform a Breast Self-Exam

There are several stories on Associated Content about the importance of breast self-exams and regular checkups in the fight against cancer. However, I did not find one article that actually gave a step-by-step overview of how to give yourself a breast exam. While knowing the importance of regular breast self-exams is half the battle, women need to know how to perform one on themselves. Here's a how-to guide based on recommendations from the American Cancer Society.

The first thing to do before beginning a breast self-exam is to take notice of how your breasts normally look and feel. This is crucial to recognizing any changes in the look and feel of your breasts while conducting a breast self-exam. Enlist the help of your partner if necessary. The best time to perform a breast self-exam is when the breasts are not swollen or sensitive (i.e. not during your menstrual cycle).

The first thing to do while conducting a breast self-exam is to lie down. The exam must be performed while lying down rather than standing up, because the breast tissue will spread evenly over your chest and will be as thin as possible, making it easy for you to feel and recognize any changes. Also, place your right arm above your head during the breast self-exam.

Then, use your three middle fingers in a circular motion to feel for any lumps during the breast self-exam. You will have to use varying levels of pressure during the breast self-exam in order to feel the deepest breast tissue that is closest to the chest and ribs. Then, use an up and down motion to feel your breast from your underarm to the middle of your chest bone, making sure to check the entire breast from top (collar bone) to bottom (ribs). Repeat the breast self-exam on your other breast.

Next, stand in front of a mirror with your hands firmly on your hips. Look at your breasts for changes in size, shape, contour, dimpling, pulling, redness or changes in texture of the breast skin. Put your arms at your sides and above your head to look for changes from all angles. Be sure to also examine your underarms with your arms slightly raised for an easy feel.

Note: this procedure for conducting breast self-exams is different than previous recommendations and is the result of a review of medical literature and advice from experts. Never rely on just breast self-exams, as they can miss tumors. Schedule a breast exam with your health care professional every three years once you turn 20, and every year after you turn 40 (you should also have a yearly mammogram at this point). More than one method is necessary for early detection in the fight against breast cancer.