How to Prepare for an Intravenous Pyelogram

Are you having troubles with urinary function? Do you experience pain with urination or see blood in your urine? If your doctor suspects problems with your urinary system, he may order a diagnostic test called an intravenous pyelogram.

What is an intravenous pyelogram?

An intravenous pyelogram is a specialized x-ray that examines your kidneys, ureters, and bladder. To help see these organs more clearly, a radio contrast dye is injected into the bloodstream. When the x-rays are taken, the dye will make the kidneys, ureters, and bladder appear bright white. This way, the doctor can see if there is anything abnormal is the size, shape, or function of your kidneys. Some of the problems that can be identified with an intravenous pyelogram include kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and an enlarged prostate.

How do you prepare for an intravenous pyelogram?

If you are pregnant or have any allergies to radio contrast dyes, iodine, or seafood (high in iodine), you must tell your doctor immediately so another test can be ordered. You will be required to take an laxative or enema the day before and possibly the morning of the exam to clear your bowels of feces and gas. Food is withheld at least 8 hours before the exam and only clear liquids are allowed (water, tea and coffee with no creamer.) Any and all jewelry or metal objects should be removed before the test so they do not interfere with the x-ray results. You will be asked to empty your bladder before the exam.

What can I expect during and after an intravenous pyelogram?

When the dye is injected into your vein, you may feel a slight burning sensation and metallic taste in your mouth. This is normal and should not last more than a few moments. The entire procedure takes about 30 minutes to complete. Towards the end of the exam, the radiologist will ask you empty your bladder again to complete the last set of x-rays.

When the exam is finished, you must drink plenty of fluids so you can quickly excrete the dye. If you experience any allergic reactions to the radio contrast dye such as itching or hives, let your doctor know so he can prescribe some medication. In rare cases, the allergic reaction is severe enough to cause swelling in the throat and interfere with breathing. This is serious and should be reported immediately to the radiologist.

Note: This article is for informational purposes only. If you are having troubles with urinary function, see your doctor for an exam and consult.

Sources:

National Institutes For Health MedlinePlus, Intravenous Pyelogram, updated October 11, 2010

RadiologyInfo.org, Intravenous Pyelogram, reviewed March 15, 2010

LeMone, Priscilla & Burke, Karen (2008). Medical-Surgical Nursing-Critical Thinking In Client Care (4 ^th ed.). Upper Saddle River NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, p 836.