How To Prepare For and Survive A Flood

Water normally seems so tame. We find it in rivers, streams, pools, lakes and oceans as an essential element of life. When flooding occurs, however, water can turn deadly very quickly.

FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) suggest that people educate themselves on the flood threat in their local areas. People in low-lying areas, who live near a body of water, or live downstream from a dam have to be particularly aware of the threat of flooding. The threat of flooding exists in every state. Dangerous flooding can occur even in a shallow creek or stream.

Some floods form very quickly. Flash floods can appear in only a few minutes, even without any rain. Flash floods are often fast moving, and carry rocks, mud and other debris in its swift current.

Overland flooding happens outside a body of water, such as a levee or stream. Flooding from dams can be as destructive as flash flooding.

FEMA emphasizes the importance of flood preparation. Avoid building or living in a floodplain if possible. Elevate appliances such as heaters, furnaces, and electrical panels. Install "check valves" in your sewer traps to prevent flood backup. Consult with a local professional to keep your home flood prepared.

Waterproof your basement walls to prevent flood waters from entering your basement. Construct water barriers which will help slow the flow of water into the building. Be aware of drainage areas, which can be filled with water. Flood insurance is a great investment.

Work with your family on developing a plan if there is a flood, assembling a safety kit, determining where to go if there is flooding, and adequate food and water.

If you believe there is a threat of flooding in your area, listen carefully to the news. (During the threat of a flash flood, do not wait for instructions, but immediately move to higher ground.)

Both FEMA and the Red Cross suggest that if you need to evacuate, secure your home if you have time. Move essential items to a top floor and turn off utilities if you are instructed to do so. (Do no touch electrical items if you are wet or standing in water.) Keep valuable papers in a safe deposit box.

Never walk through moving water. Even six inches of moving water can make you fall. (Anyone who as waded in an ocean current can attest to that fact.) In still water, use a stick to test the area before you walk.

Don't drive into a flooded area. A foot of water can make many vehicles float. Two feet of water can carry off most vehicles. Get out of your car and climb to higher ground if you can.

FEMA stresses caution after a flood occurs. Roadways can be dangerous, as well as buildings and homes. Listen to your radio or television for the latest news. Only return home after authorities have deemed it safe.

Check out FEMA's or the American Red Cross's website for other great tips and ideas on how to prepare for flooding conditions.