How to Prove Libel or Slander for a Civil Lawsuit

Gathering Proof and Evidence Against Libel or Slander

Steve Thompson
If you feel that you've been a victim of libel or slander, you might try to seek compensation for damages in a civil lawsuit. To be honest, most lawsuits for defamation of character never yield positive results, but if you have enough proof to win your claim, you could have a solid case. Before you file a civil lawsuit for libel or slander, you'll need to prove it, so here are a few tips to get you started.

Prove the Statement was False

In order to win a civil lawsuit for libel or slander, you will need to be able to prove that the statement (either written or spoken) was false. In other words, you have to demonstrate in court that the statement has no element of truth. This can be far more difficult than you would imagine, so it's important that you pay attention to this point.

For example, let's say that a restaurant critic wrote that the food at your establishment was made from cat meat rather than chicken. Obviously, this is a case of libel if you don't, in fact, use cat meat to make your food, but you have to prove that there isn't any cat in the dishes your restaurant serves. This is easy enough - hire an expert witness to test the meat in your restaurant and to testify that it is chicken rather than cat.

Prove the Statement was Made to Others

You can't file a civil lawsuit against an individual for slandering you to your face if no one else is around to hear it. The basis of a defamation of character claim is the supposition that the statement caused damage to your reputation, which isn't the case if no one else was privy to the statement. You must be able to demonstrate that someone else heard or read it to win.

In some cases, this will be easy enough to prove, especially in the event of libel. If the aforementioned restaurant critic published his review in the New York Times, it is safe to assume that hundreds of thousands of people read it. However, if the review never made it to the paper, you'll have a hard time winning your case.

Prove the Statement Caused You Harm

The next facet you'll need to cover in your civil lawsuit is harm. In order to prove libel or slander, you must be able to demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that the written or spoken statement damaged your reputation. For example, if the critic published his defamatory review, you could use the fact that sales decreased 40% over the next week as proof of harm.

Contrary to popular opinion, however, the harm must be more than circumstantial. Losing a job or customers, being assaulted on the street, receiving hate mail from angry readers or getting demoted at work are all examples of harm, which can definitely help to prove libel or slander.

Published by Steve Thompson

Steve is a full-time freelance writer. In addition to the more than 3,000 articles he's written for AC, he has also written articles and other materials for more than 100 happy clients. He enjoys writing abo...   View profile

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  • JADE KOHUS 6/22/2011

    My cousin && i were having a discussion on facebook about how ppl say they love someone so much but they cheat on their boyfriend or girlfriend or husband or wife when someone that i used to be friends with name came up my cousin called her a "whore" and now this girl is trying to take us to court and say this is civil slander is this possible?

  • eileen 02/10/11 2/10/2011

    M husband has justed pasted and his exwife of 38 years called me a gold digger on face book. Ive worked the last 15 years had my own check book and bills that i payed is this a case of slander.

  • andrew 12/19/2010

    {Quest} I work in the mobile home buisness, as community manager for a55+ community. I have a perfect record as a good hard working and honest employee.I have resident in my community that has told at least 30 other residents that i have slolen something of hers from the outside of her house.I have proof that the item she is speaking of was paid for buy the company.And signed statements from many of my residents that she went door to door saying that she knew for afact that i took this item.So i ask you do have enuff proof to sue her? I do have the reciept for the item. She has ruined my reputationas an honest person, and could couse me to lose my job.Thanks Adrew.

  • john sn 11/8/2010

    I Worked as a support worker for adults with learning disabilities. One day there was an altercation between two of these individuals lots of shouting etc. I stepped in to prevent the situation escillating. 10 days after a work collegue reported i said 'shut up' to one individual during this incident. I have now been sacked for verbally assulting that individual. Now i risk going on a register that bans me from working with vulnuruble adults. I never said shut up. how would i pursue a case for slander.

  • JMN 9/12/2010

    I recently started working on a project at work with another coworker as the team lead of this project. I found out from a fellow employee that before I started working on this project that this team lead informed everyone within hearing distance that they "should watch out for J because she is a 2 faced backstabber" how would a person take action in this situation, I feel this fits the definition of slander, it is a completely untrue statement meant to harm my reputation. I am assuming I would need to involve the coworkers that heard this and contact my Human Resources dept.

  • Sancheen 9/1/2010

    I am a truckdriver and while trying to get my truck leased onto a company, I was told that my previous companies I was leased to had told the new company that I was hard to get along with, impssible to work with and would not do my job. Now I was with the one company for 2 1/2 yrs so it would seem what they said is false. Also I had a verbal agreement with the owner of that company that I would not bring sexual harrasment charges against one of his employees and he would not do or say anything to prevent me from signing on with another company. The new company told me straight up that the reason they would not sign me on was because of what had been said by these other companies. Do I have a slander case against the 3 companies who did this to me?

  • audry 8/24/2010

    having to answer questions if I have or had a relationship with my boss in order to get this job.. or asking why was it taken away. I am organized, articulate and very trustworthy and have been in this type of a leadership role before.

  • audry 8/24/2010

    I have a colleague at work that was not offered a promotion, but was asked what was thought about me in this role. He was very supportive and said if it was awarded to me he would support me 100%. He told me since I was organized, and had a great report with everyone, and since I had the time to spend on the job, I would apply. And he and the rest of the office would support me 100%. Since the promotion, he was upset, and started spreading that the only reason I was awarded it was because of my relationship with my boss. He had four years to prove he could do the job, but it was not an option, as things weren't always done correctly. The employee who was upset quickly started spreading this among other colleagues. I confronted the employee and told him he has damaged my reputation and I needed him to get it back for me. And the position was taken away from me from our boss. Now we have no one in that position. I don't want the position back, I could care less, but I don't like

  • Lauri 8/5/2010

    I had a very good working realtionship with my Supervisor until I hired a certain employee who after the first week of her employment, decided she wanted my job, would go into my bosses office and tell him lies about me, which he would in turn, ask me about. I told hgim there was absolutely no basis on any of her allegations. For example, she told my boss, I had told off an older gentleman who works with me who was helping me with a form. She told my boss that I had said to this older gentlemen "what are you stupid or something?" Everyday she would go into his office and tell him lies about what I working on in my office, how I spoke to her, just terrible lies. To top it all off, she recruityed one of her co-workers and asked him id he would go to the boss and tell him lies about me to so she could get my job. He told her no, and then he told me about it. In the long run, due to constant accusations, I was fired and she is still employed. I worked my tail off for this company an

  • Lynda 5/16/2010

    a poem surfaced at work that speaks of some employees and my manager. I did not bring this to work. It was shared with a few people and one of them lost it at work. It is dated 3 years ago.Discipline and my rights?

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