Ichthyosis Vulgaris: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Ichthyosis vulgaris is a disease that affects the appearance of the skin. Sometimes referred to as fish scale disease, this condition is caused when dead skin cells are not sloughed off in the usual manner. Instead, they accumulate on the surface of the skin and develop into thick, dry patches that are somewhat similar to fish scales. For the most part, the disease will appear during the early years of childhood, then disappear as the individual reaches adulthood. However, some people suffer with this condition off and on throughout life.

There are two factors that may lead to the development of ichthyosis vulgaris. First, the production of new skin cells may be accelerated, while the natural sloughing process occurs at a normal pace. It is also possible that new skin cells are produced normally, but some factor inhibits the body's ability to slough off the dead skin cells at a reasonable rate. In both scenarios, the buildup of dead skin cells leads to the development of the dry scaly skin.

All the symptoms associated with ichthyosis vulgaris have to do with the texture and the general condition of the skin. In some cases, the scales are more like flakes that can easily be brushed off. At other times, the scales are more resistant and may even create itching along the surface of the affected area of the skin. The color of the scales is normally slightly darker than the natural skin tone, making them more noticeable. In severe cases, the scales may lead to the development of cracks in the palms of the hands as well as the soles of the feet. These cracks can be extremely painful as well as prone to infection.

Since there is no cure for ichthyosis vulgaris, treatments are usually aimed at helping to moisten the dry skin and release the buildup of dead skin cells. To that end, many doctors will recommend that patients take a relaxing tub bath rather than a shower. Using a loofa sponge to help dislodge the dead cells while in the tub is highly recommended.

At the same time, the use of soaps that do not contain moisturizers is discouraged. Going with soaps that contain oils and fats are particularly helpful in promoting healthier skin. Patients are often counseled to use soft towels and to pat the skin dry, since this will allow the skin to retain more moisture than aggressive rubbing to dry off. Regular use of moisturizing creams and ointments is also recommended as a means of preventing the skin from drying out.

People suffering with ichthyosis vulgaris often notice that the skin condition is worse in dry weather, while the scales are less apparent in humid weather. For this reason, it is often a good idea to use a humidifier in the home. Keeping the surrounding air moist will in turn help the skin to remain hydrated and lessen the rough itchy condition that is common with this type of skin disorder.