Ideal Gas Law
The ideal gas law is as follows: PV=nRT, where P is pressure in atm, V is volume is Liters, R is a gas constant at 0.082058 Latm/Kmol , and T is temperature in Kelvin according to Ideal gas law from Wikipedia the free encyclopedia. The value n represents a quantity called moles. A mole represents the amount of a substance. You can see from this equation that the behavior of any gas is influenced by its pressure, volume, moles, and temperature.
Let's say that we wanted to determine the amount of air present in moles in an adult's lungs with a capacity of 4.0 Liters. Assume that the person's body temperature is 37.00 degrees Celsius and the atmospheric pressure is 1.00 atm. Well, first make sure all the units match. The body temperature is given in degrees Celsius. This must be converted to Kelvin to match the gas constant containing degrees Kelvin (K). In order to convert Celsius to Kelvin the value of 273.15 must be added to the Celsius temperature according to Kelvin from Wikipedia the free encyclopedia. 273.15+37.00=310.15 Kelvin. The next step is to plug in all the known values into the equation. The known values are as follows: P= 1.0 atm, V=4.0 Liters, R=0.082058, and T=310.15 K. Plugging these values into the ideal gas equation gives the following: 1.0 x 4.0=n x 0.082058 x 310.15. This leaves one unknown, n, which must be solved for. Simplifying the equation gives 4=n x 25.45. Dividing each side by 25.45 gives the following: 0.16=n. n refers to the number of moles of air present in the lungs. So the number of moles of air present in the lungs is 0.16.
Now let's say that the amount of air in the lungs is 0.20 moles, then what is the volume of air? Assume the air pressure is at 1 atm and the temperature is 310.15 Kelvin. Plugging the values into the ideal gas equation gives the following: 1.0 x V= 0.20 x 0.082058 x 310.15. So, V= 5.1 L. So the volume of air in the lungs is 5.1 liters.
The ideal gas equation has many uses. It also has its limitations under high pressures and low temperatures.
Ideal gas law from Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, Wikipedia
Kelvin from Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, Wikipedia
Published by Dr. John Costello
I have been an educator at the college and high school levels for over 13 years. I have taught courses such as forensics, physics, biology, chemistry, and astronomy. I have done extensive x-ray diffracti... View profile
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