Lawn Turf Needs Air to Thrive

All grass roots need air in the soil to grow. Soil that has been compacted by foot or vehicle traffic has little room for air, and the roots have a harder time growing than in loose soil. Vehicles running over a lawn can also leave ruts which may make mowing difficult. Loose soils absorb more water and have less runoff during heavy rains. All soils can become compacted but clay soils have the greatest problem.

Walking on grass also directly damages the leaves and crown, the center of the plant from which new leaves grow. Of course, turf grasses have much more tolerance for being stepped on than any other kind of plant. However, bare spots will eventually form whenever the damage is too great or too frequent. You can fortify the grass by keeping it watered and fertilized and by not mowing it too closely. Some types of grass, such as Bermuda, can stand more wear than others.

Pathways can be a solution.

The best solution is to redirect foot traffic, if possible. Otherwise, it may be necessary to put in a sidewalk or stepping stones.

Some people prefer pathways with gravel or coarse bark mulch. These are attractive but need to be maintained. Weeds and leaf litter need to be removed, and occasional replenishment of the paving material is required. Paths need edging to keep the grass from growing into it and to keep the loose material from being kicked into the grass.

Types of bark commonly used include pine, cedar, cypress, and eucalyptus, all commonly available at garden centers in bags of about 40 pounds. Pine is usually the cheapest. Cedar and eucalyptus have resins that repel many insects just as cedar chests deter moths. The coarsest chunks of bark last the longest and are less likely to become scattered due to wind, rain runoff, or foot traffic.

Poke holes in the turf.

Many yards can benefit from aeration, which involves poking holes in the turf to eliminate compaction of the soil, allowing air and water to reach the roots. Rental centers have mechanical lawn aerators available.

If the area is small you can aerate by hand with a garden fork. The prongs should be inserted every four to six inches three or four inches deep. The fork can be rocked back and forth to increase the hole size. Having a well aerated soil allows the roots to grow more freely and results in healthier and more vigorous lawn.