Medications for the Treatment of Alcoholism

According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, alcohol abuse or addiction is a disease in which the individual experiences a craving, loss of control, physical dependence and tolerance in regards to alcohol. There is no cure for the disease, it can however be treated in various way. Behavior modification, counseling, and medications can be used to treat alcohol addiction. According to the NIAA there are three oral medications and one injectable medication available to treat the disease.

Antabuse

Antabuse or disulfram works differently than the other medications currently available for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Antabuse causes certain symptoms in the individual when alcohol is consumed. The individual taking this medication may experience symptoms such as headache, nausea, or vomiting upon drinking alcohol. While this medication is effective, it has potential for a low rate of compliance due to the uncomfortable effects that are produced when drinking while on this medication. It is helpful to have a good support system in place while on this medication to assist with compliance

Campral

Campral or acamprosate works by reducing the urge and desire to consume alcohol. Campral blocks the transmission of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid. This medications assists the alcohol dependent individual avoid the consumption of alcholol. The medication is effective when used in addition to behavior modification techniques.

Depade/Revia

Depade and Revia are also referred to as naltrexone. This is an oral medication that is intended for short term use in the treatment of moderate to severe alcoholism. This medication is taken daily and works by reducing the effects dependency. The medication should lessen the craving for alcohol therefore reducing the risk of relapse. This medication is useful when used in conjunction with other methods of treatment such as counseling and behavior modification techniques.

Vivitrol

Vivitrol is an injectable form of naltrexone. It works the same way as the oral form of the drug, only it is injected into the body once per month. This injectable form is beneficial for individuals that may not be compliant with taking the medication orally on a daily basis.