Metoclopramide Treatment for Nausea Cautiously Taken

Nausea is a sensation or need to vomit caused by overeating, irritation of the throat or stomach lining, infection or underlying medical condition including Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). A psychological (brain) or physical origin (organs) including the intestine, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder problems cause nausea. 1 Subsequently adverse reaction taking medication (including drugs for chemotherapy) and large consumption of sugary foods provoke nausea. Many pregnant women experience nausea during their pregnancy. 2 Medical attention is recommended when nausea persists more than 24 hours (unable to keep food down), vomiting is heavy and/ or bloody, patient experience headache, sweating, chest pain, and trouble breathing. 3 Nausea can lead to vomiting, diarrhea, loss of fluids (dehydration) especially harmful to children, nutritional deficiencies, and digestive abnormalities requiring medical intervention. 4 "In addition, persistent vomiting may force some patients to stop taking their chemotherapy and risk a recurrence of their cancer". 5 In 1985, Food and Drug Administration approved the sale of Metoclopramide (Brand Name: Reglan, Octamide, Maxolon) effective to treat nausea. 7 The medication stimulates the muscles in the stomach to increase movement or contractions of contents through the digestive tract ('prokinetic' 7). 6 Studies confirm Metoclopramide treat pregnant women who experience nausea. 8 Recently the FDA required a black box warning, for long - term or high doses of Metoclopramide drugs linked to a rare curable condition. 9

Reports have shown Metoclopramide most effective to provide treatment for nausea and vomiting. The medication suppresses the onset of nausea from Dopamine receptors on the nerves of the brain. 7 One percent of pregnant women experience severe nausea and vomiting (hyperemisis gravidarium) and some require hospitalization. 8 When hyperemisis gravidarium is not treated, pregnant women experience severe weight loss, dehydration or death. 10 Reported in May 2006 edition of the European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, study evaluated 229 pregnant given metochoparamide: Medication helped to eliminate nausea and vomiting faster than prescribed conventional droperidol. 8 Metoclopramide provides treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): Medication reduces the reflux of stomach acid by strengthening the circular muscle (sphincter) of the lower esophageal (10 - 15 mg four times daily, 30 minutes before a meal) 7

Metoclopramide may not be recommended for those who have allergies or experience allergic reaction to the medication. Physicians may not recommend Metoclopramde for patients who experience high blood pressure, heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, depression, diabetes, asthma, parkinson disease and other medical conditions. When the medication is taken, recommended avoid driving or using machinery, since drowsiness may occur. Alcohol consumption should not be combined with Metoclopramide, perceptible to cause sleep. Currently no confirmed reports the medication is harmful to pregnant women or detrimental in excreted breast milk. 14

In April 2009, the Food and Drug and Drug Administration required a 'black box warning' (drugs that may cause serious adverse side effects 11) inserted on all drugs containing metoclopramide (Including Reglan): Investigation has linked long term or high - dose use to tardive dyskinesia a neurological syndrome (FDA identified at least 106 cases 15). This condition causes continuous involuntary repetitive movements of the extremities (arms, legs, and trunk), pursing of the lips or impaired movement of the fingers (Mimicking playing an invisible guitar or piano 13). 12 Also, tardive dyskinesia causes rapid eye movement. 13 Symptoms of tardive dyskinesia persists as a chronic condition even after metoclopramide medication is discontinued. Unfortunately, the neurological syndrome is rarely reversible and no known treatment. Reglan and other metoclopramide medication should be taken cautiously, including for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).13 Shamus B. Mulderig, Managing Attorney of the Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Litigation Department at Hissery Kientz, LLP Said: "Tardive dyskinesia is a debilitating disease which substantially alters the quality of one's life. It may affect thousands who used Reglan or metoclopramide." 15 Recommended by the FDA metoclopramide medications should be taken no longer than twelve weeks (Except in rare cases. 15). 13

Those who have developed tardive dyskinesia after using Reglan, the law firm of Kissey Keintz, LPP (www.hkllp.com / toll free telephone number: (866) 275 - 4454) currently accepting cases. 15

References:

1.) Nausea - http://www.medicinenet.com/nausea/symptoms.htm

2.) Nausea - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nausea

3.) nausea - http://www.answers.com/topic/nausea

4.) Nausea, vomiting and dehydration - http://www.curesearch.org/for_parents_and_families/intreatment/medical/article.aspx?ArticleId=3146&StageId=3&TopicId=78&Level=1

5.) Metoclopramide - http://www.answers.com/topic/metoclopramide

6 .) Metoclopramide - http://www.webmd.com/cancer/metoclopramide

7.) Generic Name : metroclopramide - http://www.medicinenet.com/metoclopramide/article.htm

8.) Treatment For Extreme Nausea, Vomiting During Pregnancy - http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/05/090506110200.htm

9.) FDA requries black box warning - Reglan may cause permanent injury! - http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/05/090506110200.htm

10.) Meoclopramide versus droperidol for extreme nausea, vomiting during pregnancy - http://www.news-medical.net/?id=49231

11.) Black box warning - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_box_warning

12.) FDA requries black box warning - Reglan may cause permanent injury! - http://www.newyorkinjurynews.com/2009/04/14/fda-requires-black-box-warningreglan-permanent-injury_20090414364.html

13.) NINDS Tardive Dyskinesia Information Page - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/tardive/tardive.htm

14.) METOCLOPRAMIDE - ORAL (cont.) - http://www.medicinenet.com/metoclopramide-oral/page2.htm

15.) Analysis of FDA Adverse Events Data Reveals at Least 106 Serious Conditions Reported Among Reglan Users - http://news.yahoo.com/s/prweb/20090508/bs_prweb/prweb2400674_1