Morocco's Cities

Many visitors to Morocco do little but visit the ancient cities of Marrakesh, Fez and Meknes. These are three of what are called the Imperial Cities (the final one is Rabat -- much less interesting) and a tour of all three will give you an insight into Moroccan history since the 1300s.

Each city has a quite different history (different ones were favored by particular dynasties or rulers) and this means that they are each unique and if you have time it is an idea to visit them all.

However, there are some basic commonalities and this might help you to realize what to expect.

First, as a result of the French occupation in the Twentieth century they are all split into two sections. One is the old (Moroccan) section houses the souks and usually all the main sights. The other is the French built "Ville Nouvelle" usually dating from the 1930s-1950s. You will often arrive here (it is where the train and some bus stations are) and the architecture is European. In the main, they are devoid of much interest but can be cheap places to stay.

A recent development in all the cities is the emergence of Riads as places to stay. Ranging from the basic to the opulent these are old converted town houses that are now small hotels (sometimes with as few as four rooms) set in the old districts of the cities.

All the cities have non-motorized centers in the old medians with ancient mosques and souks (bazaars). Situated within the medina is the Kasbah (fortified palace). The souks are full of narrow winding streets, and you may as well decide to accept being lost. Having said that, you will usually find your way again by looking for local landmarks such as a famous minaret (or ask advice, the locals are helpful). Although described as non-motorised be aware that goods are moved by hand cart or donkey and this all adds to the crowding and confusion.

So the three cities have some similarities but also differences.

Marrakesh is now probably the most visited. The Djamaa el-Fna is a famous open square that serves as a sort of city center. Full of exotica such as snake charmers, impromptu musical concerts and also a source of cheap communal food. The main souks lie to the north and the old imperial monuments to the south.

Fez has always seen itself as the paramount city. Historically very cosmopolitan (refugees from the Spanish conquest of Andalucia settled here) and with the largest medina. Signposting in the souks has improved but it is still easy to become lost wandering around.

Meknes, by contrast, is something of the poor quiet relation. This is part of its charm, there is less hassle, less tourism and it is easier to pick up relative bargains.