New Blue-Green Algae Health Risks

Have you noticed a thin layer of "scum" floating on the surface of a pond? Chances are you were looking at blue-green algae, which are not true algae, but a form of bacteria called cyanobacter. These bacteria are a part of the food chain, but some produce toxins that are harmful to animals and humans. Recently, scientists discovered some new blue-green algae health risks. These lake, pond and dwellers produce a chemical that mimics the female hormone estrogen.

Blue-Green Algae Health Risks: Estrogen in the Water?

Researchers found that blue-green algae species produce an estrogen-like compound after studying its effects on zebrafish. Zebrafish that came in contact with blue-green algae tested positive for a biomarker for estrogen activity. This estrogen-like compound could upset the mating behaviors of zebrafish and be harmful to humans and animals that are exposed to it as well.

Some blue-green algae also produce toxins that can cause damage to the liver and central nervous system. Not all blue-green algae make these toxic compounds, but it's difficult to tell which ones do without a laboratory analysis.

How Can You Be Exposed to Blue-Green Algae Species?

If you swim in a pond or lake containing blue-green algae, you could be exposed by swallowing a mouthful of water. People who spend time around lakes or ponds can be exposed by breathing water particles contaminated with blue-green algae that enter the air in aerosolized form.

The most serious risk comes from being exposed to a blue-green algae species that produce a potent toxin, but chronic low-grade exposure to these water dwelling algae could disrupt hormones because of the estrogen-like compounds they produce.

What Happens If You're Exposed?

If you breathe or swallow blue-green algae, you could experience symptoms such as fever, cough, a skin rash, allergic-type symptoms or even liver damage. These algae could also be a threat to animals, so it's not a good idea to let your pet swim in waters with an algae film floating on the surface.

Blue-Green Algae Health Risks: The Bottom Line?

Pond and lake scum can be a source of blue-green algae that not only produces toxins but an estrogen-like compound as well. Be aware of the risks, and don't make a habit of swimming in murky bodies of water with an algae layer on top.

References:

Eurekalert.org. "UT Researchers Link Algae to harmful Estrogen-Like Compound in Water"

Wisconsin Department of Health Services. "Blue-Green Algae"