Preventing Lymphedema After Breast and Lymph Node Surgery

Lymphedema is swelling that occurs in the arm when the lymph system under the arm and near the collarbone has been damaged by breast surgery, lymph node biopsy or radiation. When sentinel node biopsy is used, there is less of a risk of lymphedema. However, for those women who have had axillary lymph node dissection, lymphedema will always be a risk. Lymphedema can develop into chronic swelling at any time after breast cancer treatment.

Sunburn or heat exposure

Protect your skin from the sun by wearing loose clothing on your arms. Use a gentle sunblock (not irritating to skin) with an SPF15 or higher on your hand and arm when they're exposed to sun. Sunburn can trigger swelling.

Avoid extremely hot water in baths, hot tubs, dishwater, or cooking. Use the unaffected arm to test water temperature for showers, dish washing, etc., because the arm that is at risk for lymphedema might be less sensitive to temperature or touch.

Avoid insect bites if possible. Look for an insect repellent that does not have DEET, as it is very irritating to the skin.

Overweight

Being overweight appears to be a risk factor for lymphedema. Try to eliminate extra calories and eat healthier foods. A consultation with a dietitian may also help you identify weak areas in your diet. A physical therapist can assess your arm strength and recommend exercises to you. Taking a regular walk with a walking partner will help you increase your activity level and burn calories. Incorporate regular exercise into your life, if possible. Try aerobic activities such as swimming, walking, biking, or dance. Try activities with slow arm movements such as yoga or tai chi.

Long plane flights

Women have reported that air travel increases lymphedema. Experts think the decrease in air pressure during the flight causes this. Try wearing a compression sleeve when flying. Check most of your luggage and take only a light carry-on into the plane. Avoid carrying heavy luggage with your affected arm. Carry your shoulder bag or briefcase on the opposite shoulder. Even when traveling by car or train, avoid carrying heavy luggage with the arm that is at risk. Use luggage with rolling wheels, and use the other arm to lift luggage, or ask for help.

Injury to the skinThink about your daily activities and which ones might cause damage to your skin. Hand and skin care is important in general, so try to be careful and avoid breaking the skin. Wear heavy gloves while doing household repairs, gardening or other types of work that can result in minor injuries to the affected hand and arm. Clean any cuts thoroughly and treat with topical antibiotic. Keep the hand and arm clean, and use a non-greasy lotion to keep the skin from cracking. Try lotion with aloe. Wear a thimble when sewing. Do not allow injections in or blood pressure to be taken on the arm that is at risk.

Tight jewelry

Avoid constrictions caused by tight or heavy jewelry, watches or elastic bands on the at-risk hand and arm. If you have had axillary node dissection you will want to wear a LYMPHEDEMA ALERT bracelet at all times so that physicians and lab technicians do not use that arm for medical procedures.

Repetitive & strenuous movement

If your work involves repeated arm movements, carefully monitor your arm's response to this work. If you work for an employer with more than 15 people, and have concerns about your job and its possible contribution to lymphedema risk, your human resources office will have information about the Americans with Disabilities Act and your rights under that Act.

It's also a good idea to avoid movements that require pushing and pulling heavy objects, such as vacuuming, furniture moving, and heavy scrubbing.

Manicure injury

Avoid manicures that involve cuticle cutting because of the risk of infection. Don't allow caustic cuticle softeners to be used, either. Be sure to discuss with your manicurist your need for special care. Ask that non-acetone nail polish remover be used to lessen the irritation on the skin around the nails. Buy your own manicure kit and sterilize it yourself before getting a manicure. Avoid hot wax treatments or anything that exposes your hands to extreme heat.

Restrictive clothing

To avoid restricting the flow of lymph and other fluids in your arms and hands, choose clothing with loose wrist bands and larger armholes. In the warmer months, wear long-sleeve shirts made of gauzy, light materials, such as linen. Use a bra that has wider shoulder straps, and does not constrict the chest area with stays or underwire, yet provides the support you need. It helps to get fitted by a women's apparel shop with knowledgeable staff. Get rid of heavy handbags and use smaller, lighter ones.