Quinine Allergy

Quinine is an unusual allergen because it is both prescribed in strong doses as medicine for a variety of conditions and present in trace amounts in drinks like tonic water. Allergic reactions to quinine can be minor, major or life threatening and knowing how to identify some of the symptoms of a quinine allergy is important to safeguard the health and well-being of yourself or someone you care about. A physician should be consulted immediately if you suspect a quinine allergy.

Minor Symptoms

In some cases, quinine can provoke some rather bizarre allergic reactions, including color distortion of the vision, ringing in the ears, rashes and vomiting. Quinine is an extract of cinchona bark, also known as Jesuit and Peruvian bark. Allergic reactions to the organic alkaloids present in quinine can occur spontaneously, even after several doses. Plant extracts such as quinine can be mistaken by the body's immune system for other toxic plant extracts either immediately or after several doses.

Major Symptoms

Some people develop more severe reactions, including body aches, confusion, profuse sweating, spots or darkness in vision, and tiredness or weakness. This is a more severe reaction to the alkaloid known as quinine, and will in most cases only get worse with further exposure.

Life-Threatening Symptoms

Reports, in rare cases, of jaundice, renal failure, and hematological (or "blood related") disorders which can result in death are associated with quinine allergies. Heart failure and renal failure are also possible fatal reactions. In these cases, the alkaloids are not absorbed and disposed properly with by the body, but continue to circulate and damage vital tissues.

Uses of Quinine

Quinine is a common remedy for leg cramps and is prescribed in medicinal levels by a physician.
Some over-the-counter medications and "natural remedies" may also include quinine and is listed as "Cinchona," "Jesuit Bark," or "Peruvian Bark." The amounts of quinine present in these products is not regulated by the FDA and can be a source of allergic reaction, including severe or life-threatening reactions.
Finally, quinine is present in tonic water, which is consumed either alone or with a mixed drink such as a gin and tonic or a vodka and tonic.

Prevention/Solution

There is no cure for allergic reactions and it is highly unlikely that someone will "develop a tolerance" for quinine once allergic symptoms manifest.
The best course of action is to prevent further reactions by stopping ingestion of Quinine.