Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

Ramsay Hunt syndrome is an unusual condition caused by an infection. The infection occurs in the facial nerves, which results in muscle weakness of the facial muscles and a painful rash. While the symptoms of this condition often subside, they can reoccur years after becoming infected. The complications this infection causes can result in permanent damage to the face, as well as other complications. Proper treatment for the syndrome is essential.

Cause of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

The cause of Ramsay Hunt syndrome is that of the same virus that causes chicken pox. Varicella-zoster virus is the infection that causes this condition, which is a member of the herpes family. The infection is capable of remaining dormant for prolonged periods of time after the initial infection and can reoccur at anytime.

Symptoms of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

The symptoms of Ramsay Hunt syndrome are quite obvious. The main symptom of this condition is similar to that of chicken box. Inflamed, red blister pustules form in the mouth, ear canal, and tongue. The blisters are filled with fluid and are quite painful. Facial weakness is common, as well as difficulty closing the eyes. Ear pain, hearing loss, and tinnitus are common as well. Vertigo and alterations in the ability to taste are also associated with this syndrome.

Complications of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

Serious complications can result from Ramsay Hunt syndrome. It's important to seek treatment for the infection immediately. Patients who do not receive treatment within seven days often experience permanent damage.

Unusual and uncontrollable facial movements can be a result of the infection, as well as eye damage. The virus can spread to other areas of the body if treatment is not sought immediately, resulting in nerve damage throughout the body. Nerve fiber damage can occur as well, which is not reversible.

Treatment for Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

Treatment for Ramsay Hunt syndrome includes the use of prescription medications to reduce the risk of long term complications. Corticosteroids are often prescribed to relieve the pain and swelling of the blisters. Medications to relieve the vertigo are also prescribed. Pain medications can be used to help relieve the pain the condition causes. Physical therapy is often needed to increase the strength of the facial muscles. Botox injections may also be needed to improve the function of the eyelids. Typical recovery time for Ramsay Hunt syndrome can range from several weeks to several months.

References:

"Ramsay Hunt Syndrome" MayoClimic.com
"Ramsay Hunt Syndrome" MedicineNet.com
"Ramsay Hunt Syndrome" RamsayHunt.org