Texas' 10 Worst Disasters

Unnamed hurricane sweeps across Galveston. Fatality estimates range from 8,000 to 12,000. This still stands as the worst disaster in U.S. history in terms of lives lost.

2. Summer 1867

Yellow fever outbreak kills thousands in Texas. No definite list of casualties has been compiled, but the epidemic ranks second only to the 1900 Galveston hurricane in number of deaths.

3. October-November 1918

"Spanish flu" pandemic kills an estimated 20 million world-wide, a half-million in the United States and several thousand in Texas. El Paso, where the disease broke out first among soldiers at Fort Bliss, had 600 deaths.

4. April 16, 1947

Explosion of SS Grandcamp at the dock in Texas City, followed by the explosion of the SS High Flyer, kill at least 576 persons. Thousands are injured in Texas' second-worst non-disease disaster.

5. March 18, 1937

Leaking natural gas explodes in basement of New London School in Rusk County. Of 600-plus students and teachers in the school that day, 319 died in the explosion and resulting building collapse. Incident still stands as the nation's worst school disaster.

6. September 14, 1919

Hurricane strikes south of Corpus Christi with 110 mph winds pushing a storm surge of 16 feet. Unnamed storm takes 284 lives.

7. August 16-19, 1915

Galveston again hit by a powerful hurricane. Storm kills 275 and results in more than $56 million in property damage. Devastation would have been even worse but for the seawall built to safeguard the city following the 1900 hurricane.

8. September 8-10, 1921

Triggered by a hurricane that came ashore in Mexico, worst rainstorm in Texas history results in the drowning of at least 215 people in Central Texas.

9. April 29, 1554

In Texas' first historical disaster, three Spanish ships laden with silver, gold and trade goods - the San Esteban, the Espiritu Santo and the Santa Maria de Yciar - are washed ashore on South Padre Island by a spring storm in the Gulf of Mexico. As many as 200 passengers and crew members drown.

10. August 2, 1985

Delta Airlines Flight 191 crashes on approach at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, killing 135 passengers and crew and the driver of a car on State Highway 114. The crash ranks thirteenth among the nation's worst aviation disasters.

Compiled from Mike Cox's Texas Disasters: True Stories of Tragedy and Survival (Globe Pequot, 2007).