The Black Widow Spider

The black widow spider (Latrodectus Hesperus) is found in nearly all warm whether climates around the globe. Its range extends to an approximate latitude of 45 degrees north and south. Most common in desert and arid regions the black widow spider is venomous and its bite can be fatal to humans. The venom of the black widow spider is 15 times more toxic than that of the Prairie Rattlesnake. The bite of the black widow is considered especially serious for both the very young and the elderly.

An adult black widow spider can measure up to 1.5 inches with a leg span of nearly 3 inches. Black widow's mate in the spring of each year and can live to be 3 years of age. Their diet consists mostly of insects, except on rare occasions when the female kills and eats the male after they mate.

Only the female black widow is dangerous. The male spider and the younger spiders are considered harmless. The female black widow is black in color with a globular abdomen. On the underbelly is a reddish mark, often in the shape of an hourglass. On certain spiders it will appear as little more than a red dot. The black widow builds an erratic web but its web is one of the strongest spun by any spider. Black window's are nocturnal and spend most of the day withdraw in the web. The black widow will inhabit nearly any area where a web can be built, including inside a home.

Bite victims should seek medical attention. Symptoms of a black widow bite are headaches, hypertension, vomiting, nausea, labored breathing, perspiration and abdominal pain. Depending on the victim and location of the bite, the bite can be extremely painful. The pain will generally spread from the bite area to the back and then to the abdomen. These conditions may persist for several days after the incident. Persons with underlying health conditions, such as heart disease are more susceptible to problems.

If bitten, clean the area with soap and water, then apply ice to slow the absorption of the venom. If possible elevate and immobilize the area of the bite. Attempt to remain calm and try to stay warm. Some bite victims must be hospitalized to receive more complete treatment. Protect yourself by wearing gloves when cleaning areas where spiders are usually found.