The History of New York City's Beautiful Central Park

New York City's Central Park is a vibrant, colorful attraction for tourists and locals alike. The park occupies over 840 acres in Manhattan and receives over 25 million visitors annually. It is bordered to the north by West 110^th Street, to the west by Central Park West, to the south by West 59^th Street, and to the east by the famous 5^th Avenue. Though it appears natural, Central Park, designed by Frederick Law Olmstead and Calvert Vaux, is entirely landscaped with artificial lakes, a zoo, playgrounds, walking trails, and ice skating rinks.

In the mid-nineteenth century, New York City was growing at an unprecedented rate. Public open spaces, aside from cemeteries, were few and far between. Poet William Cullen Bryant, among others, began to voice a need for a larger, sanctioned public park. In 1953, New York Legislature designated over 700 acres of land to be used for a park, for a cost of about 5 million dollars. A design contest was held, and Olmstead and Vaux's "Greensward Plan" was chosen. However, after the park's construction, public interest dwindled and the park declined quickly after it was built; the political powers in New York City at the time were not interested in maintaining a 700 acre public facility.

In 1934, mayor Fiorello LaGuardia appointed Robert Morris to restore and revitalize Central park. The park underwent major construction and redesigning; athletic fields were constructed and the walking trails were adjusted for automobiles. In the 1960s, the park thrived as a symbol for counter-culture events and urban revival. Many rock concerts, political events, and Shakespearean plays took place in Central Park. In 1963, it was declared a national historic landmark. Unfortunately, due to budget cuts in the 1970s, the park suffered another rapid decline. It was restored again in the 1980s and early 1990s, and remains a lively entertainment mecca today.

Central Park's place in pop culture is secure. Legendary folk singers Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel played a reunion concert at Central Park, and subsequently released a recording of it that went on to be one of their best-selling albums. In recent years, the Park has hosted a variety of music festivals, including the extremely popular Dave Matthews Band. It was featured in the James Bond film Live and Let Die, as well as Madagascar. J.D. Salinger's coming-of-age novel is partially set in Central Park, while Edward Albee's drama The Zoo Story is completely set in Central Park; there is even a playground named after Diana Ross. Perhaps the most culturally significant pop culture aspect of Central Park is Strawberry Fields which is the memorial for former Beatles legend John Lennon. The park offers a wide variety of events for all ages. Tavern on the Green is a world-famous restaurant located on the west side of Central Park. The Central Park Zoo opened in 1981 and remains one of the most popular attractions. The obelisk, or Cleopatra's needle, is the oldest public monument in North America. Finally, the Central Park carousel located at mid-park is a quaint family attraction. The original park carousel opened in 1871; the current carousel was built in 1951 and is one of the country's largest merry-go-rounds.

There's thousands of things to enjoy about Central Park whether as a resident of the city or as a tourist.