The Crusades

First Crusades ended with the Fall of Jerusalem, from the Arab perspective, and with the Return of Jerusalem to Christendom from the Christian perspective.

Former Pennsylvania Senator Rick Santorum, a probable 2012 presidential candidate, has positioned himself as the candidate of the millennium. Make that the last millennium, not this one.

A paper I did for an Honors class about Medieval Western history.

This is an overview on why The Crusades originally began and how the First Crusade ended.

This is a brief detailed history of the Crusades. Why the Crusades began and why the finally ended. The First through the Ninth Crusade tell us a lot about the Papacy and the Church at the time.

The Crusades are a number of religious military campaigns carried on by the Christian Europeans, mostly Franks or people of the Holy Roman Empire. The holiness of the Holy Land was the main reason for the Crusades. There were a total of nine Crusades.

A history of the Crusades

Most people have heard about the religious Crusades that took place in the Middle Ages, but do you really know what it was? Find out important facts about the Crusades and their aftermath.

This article seeks to look at Europe in the decade before the crusades were called, discuss the reasons for their declaration, and perhaps to debunk some common misconceptions of what the European society was like in the Middle Ages.

A review of the latest edition of the popular work by one of the world's preeminent Crusade scholars.

A look at the effects that brought about the Crusades and how they relate to the fall of the Roman Empire.

An overview of the various diseases and adverse health conditions that were prevalent during the crusades.

A thoughtful book review of the historical non-fiction text "The Crusades through Arab Eyes" by the Lebanese author Amin Maalouf. Originally written in French, this review is of the English translation.

The speech at the Council of Clermont had quick and long lasting results. Filled with zeal at the prospect of liberating the Holy Land and motivated by the promise of instant entry into heaven, thousands of men responded to the call.

Interestingly enough, despite the war, suffering, disorder and crime, the Crusades contributed immensely in the history of the progress of civilization in Europe. At the same time, they greatly affected the Arab world.

The social changes caused by the Crusades provided women with greater power. Some stayed at home taking care of their households, others participated in the Crusades, while equally important were women inheritors of power in the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

The Crusades shaped the turning-point in the medieval history of the Jews. Their massacre during the Crusades destabilized fatally their economic and social position. Christian anti-Semitism became even stronger than before making the Jews less important.

In spite of the war, suffering, disorder and crime, the Crusades contributed massively in the evolution of European civilization. Without any doubt, one of the most important effects of the Crusades in Europe was the increased trade and economy.

The origins of the Crusades are traced in a series of developments in the Western Europe in the early years of the Middle Ages, but also in the worsening situation of the Byzantine Empire in the East.

The use of religion as propaganda has been around for hundreds of years. In this article take a look at how a terrorist uses religion to gain support and continue the war on peace.

The successes of Richard the Lionhearted Life as King

Venetians often get the blame for orchestrating the fantastic turn of events of the Fourth Crusade, but were they really in control, or just slaves to fate?

A research paper on Islamic and Christian approaches to unbelief and apostasy during the Crusading movement. Focuses on the differences and similarities between the two religions as well as their cultural heritages towards unbelievers.

Like its predecessors, the Fifth Crusade was a catastrophe, according to Thomas F. Madden, author of the definitive book The New Concise History of the Crusades.

A scholarly look at the use of barbaric propaganda to dehumanize a foreign enemy during the First Crusade. Analysis is included which parallels the war in Iraq.

An important look into how vital the context of the Crusades are.

An important series of names, places, and events that will come up in any discussion about the Crusades.

This paper explains the co-operation and conflict found during the Crusades and the reasons behind it.

WHAS Crusade for Children

Explains, using primary sources, that the First Crusade was actually religiously based, instead of economically, socially or politically based.

This paper seeks to explain the contemporary impact of the Crusades upon the Muslim world. Certainly the idea of the Crusade in particular, has a great deal of relevance in the world today, looking of course at America's war in Iraq and Afghanistan.

A brief summary of the effects of disparate leadership in the First Crusade of 1095.