Tradition or Insanity? Why Do We Eat Polk Salad?

Anna Swan
Polk Salad, Poke Weed, and a variety of other common names are all names for the poisonous plant, Phytolacca americana. The plant is a perennial, and grows wild across a large portion of the United States. The plant is similar to turnip greens, collard greens, and mustard greens - but a little more acidic and can be bitter. One of the most interesting things about polk salad is that it's actually quite poisonous. The toxic substance in the plant is a triterpene saponin called phytolaccigenin, which causes hemagglutination. Sometimes called American Nightshade, polk salad can be a very dangerous plant if not prepared and consumed properly.

Once the green leaves reach about 7 inches - they are filled with toxin and unsafe to eat. The stems, and root, are always full of this poison, and there is never a safe time or safe way to eat them. However, as long as the leaves are less than 7 inches long, this plant can be prepared safely and consumed, by carefully following a few simple steps.

1. Immediately after picking the polk greens, wash thoroughly in cold running water.

2. Immerse the cleaned greens in a pot of boiling water for 5 minutes.

3. Drain, and rinse the boiled greens with cold running water again, rinse boiling pot.

4. Refill pot with cold water and bring to a boil. Boil the greens again for 5 minutes.

5. Drain, rinse the greens again in cold water.

At this stage, the greens are now safe to eat. However, in the South, we cook them one more time by frying them in a skillet with some bacon fat. Some people also scramble eggs into the fried greens. You may add salt and pepper to taste, and some people like a little vinegar on them.

People are perhaps more familiar with the popular 1969 song, "Polk Salad Annie" by Tony Joe White, than they are the plant itself. The song, however, gives a pretty good description of the plant, and why - perhaps - we started eating these potentially dangerous greens.

"Down there we have a plant that grows out in the woods and the fields,
looks somethin' like a turnip green.
Everybody calls it Polk salad. Polk salad.
Used to know a girl that lived down there and she'd go out in the evenings and pick a mess of it...
Carry it home and cook it for supper, 'cause that's about all they had to eat, But they did all right."

Published by Anna Swan

http://www.angelaswanlund.com  View profile

24 Comments

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  • Marsha Boles6/17/2011

    Being in spring, I watch carefully emerging hints of polk when I start mowing the grass. Once you see it and eat it, you might mow as reverently as I do. Mostly it will be in the fence line or perhaps under high utility lines or trees. There is a secret about polk. When allowed to fully mature, polk can grow taller than most men and produce deep dark purple berries. Ripe berries can be squeezed and used for ink or squished on your brother. Birds eat these berries. Later, as birds will do, they leave their droppings from their perch. Those dropping from digested polk berries become polk plants.
    Polk plants can be moved (sometimes) and may emerge from the roots of last years matured plants. Don't count on it. I still think birds sit in mature plants, eat their fill of berries,and poop right there.
    Fill funny about rejoicing from the harvest formerly digested berries. Google "world's most expensive coffee."

  • Canute Campbell6/14/2011

    Polk Salad is way better than collard greens, mustard greens, spinnish and all the other southern greens. Pick it and cook it good, two or three times, only the young leaves, season it eat it as a side dish or with noodles of odles. You could never starve once you could find this herb.You do not have to buy it . Some people call it pork salad but the name is polk salad.For more information, Google it.

  • Brian J.1/8/2011

    Polk salad can not be brought i do not believe, however it grows wild here in the southern states during the spring and summer months, and people usually mow it down without truly appreciating its taste or value. I bet you could prpbably grow it in California maybe....but like so many others I am waiting till about April to began feasting on this southern delicacy.

  • Darrel S.12/15/2010

    I live in California and would like to find some canned polk salad if available

  • Tiffany Haddish11/21/2010

    I live in Los Angeles and I want some polk salad where can I buy some?

  • Siouxwoman5/1/2010

    I was born & raised in the Arkansas Delta & now live in Alabama. I have eaten "dock" and "polk salad" all my life & that includes the stalks. It's tradition to eat it because back in the old days it just might be the only thing you had to eat. I grow it in my back yard & love it!

  • TBon11/10/2009

    My mother harvested poke shoots every spring, boiled them twice, then fried them with eggs and pork brains. You heard me right, pork brains. I ate this as a child, but now I would not touch it with a 10 foot pole.

  • Cherokee9/3/2009

    To cook greens, I combine 2 parts dock, 2 parts poke, 1 part lambs quarter and 1 part dandelion greens to make a good bait of greens. I cook about 3 gallons total with bacon and then freeze in quart freezer bags for winter. I have eaten poke stalk all my life. You cut up young stalk, dip in egg and milk, roll in flour and fry. All greens and stalks should only be gathered in the spring of the year.

  • KEN RICHEY3/28/2009

    HEY ANONYMOUS....DIDN'T SEE YOUR POST WHEN I PUT MY FIRST ONE ON.....PASS THE FRIED POKE STALK RECIPE DOWN HERE TO ME. POKE SALAD IS GOOD MANY WAYS AND THE BIGGER IT GETS IS WHEN YOU PAR-BOIL IT A FEW TIMES. WHEN IT'S YOUNG, YOU CAN GET BY WITH DOING IT ONE TIME......DON'T TRY TO PROCESS THE STALK FROM THE RED AREA, KEEP IN THE GREEN PART

  • KEN RICHEY3/28/2009

    i HAVE LIVED AROUND POLK WEED OR SALAD MOST OF MY LIFE AND HAVE ATE IT MANY TIMES.I WOULD LIKE TO HAVE THE RECIPE FOR FRIED POLK STALKS THAT IS SIMILAR TP FRIED POTATOES...CAN ANYBODY HELP ME OUT

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