What Are Assembly Robots?

Assembly robots are used to perform a variety of repetitive tasks along an industrial assembly line. Typically, an assembly robot is a robotic arm that is fitted with an articulated hand or tool on the end. They are an efficient and durable alternative to human workers, as they are precise and do not experience fatigue. Robots are also desirable to manufacturing companies as a means to reduce labor costs.

An assembly robot is an industrial robot that is used to perform repetitive and high-volume tasks in an assembly line. Some are used to press two or more parts together as a product moves down the line toward completion. A more complex fitting might require the robot to tighten screws, apply adhesive or weld. In addition to fitting parts, an assembly robot can be used to inspect, label and package products on the assembly line.

A typical assembly robot is a robotic arm that is fitted with an articulated hand or tool on the end. If a part requires screw fitting, for example, an assembly robot can operate a screwdriver. Each work area for an assembly robot is known as a workcell. The typical workcell contains a robot, a parts feeder and any peripheral tools required for the robot's duties.

Computer software is used to teach an assembly robot how to move. This software can run in an external computer that controls the robot, in the robot itself or both. Some assembly robots only require a simplistic, preprogrammed sequence of motions. Other assembly robots will have a degree of artificial intelligence, making them more adaptable to varying work conditions and tasks.

Although human workers are sometimes required or favored on an assembly line, there are many benefits to using assembly robots instead. Unlike humans, robots do not experience fatigue. This means a robot can perform the same repetitive tasks for a long period of time and at a steady speed. When there are many robots working at once, manufacturing can be performed on a massive scale and with few errors.

Not only are assembly robots used for their speed and efficiency, they are also a way to cut labor costs in a factory. They can be an expensive initial investment for a company. Over time, however, factories can save a substantial amount of money by replacing human workers with assembly robots. Although maintenance is required for the robots, they are generally tireless and large manufacturing firms can see a fast return of investment.