What is Bipolar Depression?

Bipolar depression also known as bipolar disorder, is a treatable mood disorder. It is important to understand this disorder is caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain. Bipolar depression/disorder is not the result of bad behavior, sin or a character flaw.

People with this disorder move between emotional states called "mood episodes." Mania or a manic episode is characterized by extreme joyful and overexcited moods. Depression, or a depressive episode occurs when the person experiences extreme sadness, feelings of hopelessness and helplessness.

A "mixed state" is when a person has symptoms of mania and depression at the same time. A person may also become extremely irritable and/or explosive during manic and depressive episodes.

People with bipolar depression/bipolar disorder may experience extreme variations in their activity level, sleep patterns, activity and energy levels. Their behavior can fluctuate as well.

According to the National Institutes of Mental Health, "A person may be having an episode of bipolar disorder if he or she has a number of manic or depressive symptoms for most of the day, nearly every day, for at least one or two weeks. Sometimes symptoms are so severe that the person cannot function normally at work, school, or home."

Some people with bipolar depression/disorder experience a mood state referred to as "hypomania." This type of episode is characterized by increased energy, activity, and for some creativity and productivity. Hypomania can lead to a full blown manic or depressive episode.

Extreme episodes of bipolar depression or mania may bring on psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations or delusions. A delusional state for a manic episode may cause the person to think s/he is famous, rich, or has some special power. A depressive episode may make the person believe they are guilty of a crime or that they have failed and are broke and friendless. It is possible for a person with bipolar depression/disorder to be mis-diagnosed as schizophrenic.

Bipolar disorder can cause behavioral difficulties including alcohol or substance abuse, relationship problems or poor performance in the workplace. These behaviors are not easily identifiable as symptoms of bipolar disorder and can cause great disruption in a person's life.

It is important to remember that bipolar disorder is treatable with medications. Talk therapy can also be a useful tool in the treatment of this disorder. Many people, once they find the right combination of medications and therapy live orderly, productive lives.