What is Complex Regional Pain Syndrome?

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome is a chronic, progressive pain disorder. It was given the name causalgia in 1867 during the Civil War by Dr. Silas Weir Mitchell. It has been known by many names since then, such as Shoulder Hand Syndrome, Sudecks Atrophy, Post Traumatic Pain Syndrome and Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy, just to name a few.

In 1995, the International Association for the Study of Pain(IASP)felt the terms Causalgia and Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy were not adequate enough to explain the broad range of signs and symptoms. The word Complex in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome is the best word to represent the many varied symptoms.

Even though CRPS has been around for approximately 142 years, little is known about what it is and how it works. Most people have never heard of CRPS until they are diagnosed with it. It is this lack of awareness which leads many to believe it is a rare disorder. It is not rare at all. There are up to 8 million people who have been diagnosed with CRPS in the United States alone.

There are many theories about how CRPS begins and what keeps the cycle of pain going. There are advances being made toward understanding the cause and how it affects our bodies. The theory stated in most explanations is that it is a dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system.

The common trigger is a minor injury, such as a sprain or broken bone. Surgery is another common trigger. More women than men are diagnosed with CRPS. In a study I conducted, 89% are women and 11% are men, with a median age of 35. It can strike at any age. The youngest one I have ever heard of was 8 years old. Young children and teenagers seem to have a better chance than adults of going into remission.

CRPS involves a complicated interaction between the various parts of the nervous and immune systems. This is why there are so many symptoms that appear as the disorder progesses. Being an individual disorder, no two people will have all of the same symptoms.

The two main symptoms that are often referred to are the severe pain and burning pain. Other symptoms are swelling, skin color changes, skin temperature change, fever, blood pressure issues, shiny skin, very dry skin, frequent infections, hair loss, rapid hair growth, ridging of nails, brittle nails, vision changes, and tinnitus. There are also many emotional effects, such as depression, insomnia, anxiety, and mood swings. In 80% of CRPS cases it spreads from the original site. This highlights the wide range of symptoms and systems affected by CRPS.

Early diagnosis and treatment of CRPS is crucial. Finding a doctor who is knowledgeable is also very important. While there is no cure, there are many treatments available. It is important to keep a positive attitude and be proactive in your care. Research your options but don't be afraid to say no to any procedure.